{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T22:50:29Z","timestamp":1793227829510,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Deutscher Arzte-Verlag GmbH","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"DOI":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,28]],"date-time":"2024-08-28T05:35:59Z","timestamp":1724823359000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["The conservative and operative treatment of carpal fractures"],"prefix":"10.3238","author":[{"given":"Adrian Cavalcanti","family":"Ku\u00dfmaul","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Titus","family":"Kuehlein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin F.","family":"Langer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Ayache","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steffen","family":"L\u00f6w","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Unglaub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"11437","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ayache A, Schmitt R, Unglaub F, Langer MF, M\u00fcller LP, Spies CK: Frakturen der Handwurzel ohne Os scaphoideum. Unfallchirurg 2021; 124: 59–73.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00113-020-00929-w"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Catalano LW 3rd, Minhas S V, Kirby DJ: Evaluation and management of carpal fractures other than the scaphoid. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2020; 28: e651–61.","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-20-00062"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sch\u00e4del-H\u00f6pfner M, Windolf J, L\u00f6gters T, Pillukat T, Jung M, Bickert B: Skaphoidfrakturen: Aktuelle diagnostische und therapeutische Konzepte. Unfallchirurgie 2023; 126: 799–811.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00113-023-01364-3"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Boeddrich O, Sander AL, Lustenberger T, et al.: Epidemiology of carpal fractures: is it only about the scaphoid? Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2023; 49: 1499–503.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-022-02213-5"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Richter M: Handwurzelfrakturen ohne Kahnbein. Tl 1—Frakturen von Triquetrum, Pisiforme und Lunatum. 2019; 08: 129–39. www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/abstract\/10.1055\/a-0877-8537 (last accessed on 20 February 2023).","DOI":"10.1055\/a-0877-8537"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref6","unstructured":"Rupp M, Walter N, Pfeifer C, et al.: The incidence of fractures among the adult population of Germany—an analysis from 2009 through 2019. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2021; 118: 665–9."},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dias JJ, Brealey SD, Fairhurst C, et al.: Surgery versus cast immobilisation for adults with a bicortical fracture of the scaphoid waist (SWIFFT): a pragmatic, multicentre, open-label, randomised superiority trial. Lancet 2020; 396: 390–401.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30931-4"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li H, Guo W, Guo S, Zhao S, Li R: Surgical versus nonsurgical treatment for scaphoid waist fracture with slight or no displacement: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Medicine 2018; 97: e13266.","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000013266"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schmitt H, Rosenthal H: Bildgebende Diagnostik der Skaphoidfraktur nach der aktuellen S3-Leitlinie. Handchirurgie Scan. 2016; 05: 243–58. www.thieme-connect.com\/products\/ejournals\/abstract\/10.1055\/s-0042-108426 (last accessed on 20 February 2023).","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-108426"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kang KB, Kim HJ, Park JH, Shin YS: Comparison of dorsal and volar percutaneous approaches in acute scaphoid fractures: a meta-analysis. PLoS One 2016; 11: e0162779.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0162779"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee CH, Lee BG, Kim JH, Yoon HS, Han KJ, Choi WS: Complications and outcomes of operative treatment for acute perilunate injuries: a systematic review. J Hand Surg Eur Vol 2023; 48: 625–9.","DOI":"10.1177\/17531934221150331"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Prabowo KA, Lopatta E, Lenz M, et al.: Vergleich der navigierten und konventionellen perkutanen Verschraubung undislozierter Kahnbeinfrakturen. Handchir Mikrochir Plast Chir 2021; 53: 47–54.","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1276-1364"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shen L, Tang J, Luo C, Xie X, An Z, Zhang C: Comparison of operative and non-operative treatment of acute undisplaced or minimally-displaced scaphoid fractures: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. PLoS One 2015; 10: e0125247.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0125247"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Siotos C, Asif M, Lee J, et al.: Cast selection and non-union rates for acute scaphoid fractures treated conservatively: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Plast Surg Hand Surg 2023; 57: 16–21.","DOI":"10.1080\/2000656X.2021.2024439"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Al-Ajmi TA, Al-Faryan KH, Al-Kanaan NF, et al.: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing surgical versus conservative treatments for acute undisplaced or minimally-displaced scaphoid fractures. Clin Orthop Surg 2018; 10: 64–73.","DOI":"10.4055\/cios.2018.10.1.64"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alnaeem H, Aldekhayel S, Kanevsky J, Neel OF: A systematic review and meta-analysis examining the differences between nonsurgical management and percutaneous fixation of minimally and nondisplaced scaphoid fractures. J Hand Surg Am 2016; 41: 1135–44.e1.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.08.023"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Buijze GA, Goslings JC, Rhemrev SJ, et al.: Cast immobilization with and without immobilization of the thumb for nondisplaced and minimally displaced scaphoid waist fractures: a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial. J Hand Surg Am 2014; 39: 621-7.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2013.12.039"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen S, Zhang C, Jiang B, Mi Y, Zhu Y, Jia X: Comparison of conservative treatment and surgery treatment for acute scaphoid fracture: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. World J Surg 2023; 47: 611–20.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-022-06833-1"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Clementson M, J\u00f8rgsholm P, Besjakov J, Thomsen N, Bj\u00f6rkman A: Conservative treatment versus arthroscopic-assisted screw fixation of scaphoid waist fractures—a randomized trial with minimum 4-year follow-up. J Hand Surg Am 2015; 40: 1341–8.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2015.03.007"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Drac P, Cizmar I, Manak P, et al.: Comparison of the results and complications of palmar and dorsal miniinvasive approaches in the surgery of scaphoid fractures. A prospective randomized study. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2014; 158: 277-81.","DOI":"10.5507\/bp.2012.060"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eastley N, Singh H, Dias JJ, Taub N: Union rates after proximal scaphoid fractures; meta-analyses and review of available evidence. J Hand Surg Eur Vol 2013; 38: 888–97.","DOI":"10.1177\/1753193412451424"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Johnson NA, Fairhurst C, Brealey SD, et al.: One-year outcome of surgery compared with immobilization in a cast for adults with an undisplaced or minimally displaced scaphoid fracture: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Bone Joint J 2022; 104-B(8): 953–62.","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.104B8.BJJ-2022-0085.R2"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cavalcanti Ku\u00dfmaul A, K\u00fchlein T, Langer MF, Ayache A, Unglaub F: The treatment of closed finger and metacarpal fractures. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2023; 15; 120: 855–62.","DOI":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2023.0226"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Langer MF, Unglaub F, Breiter S, Ueberberg J, Wiesk\u00f6tter B, Oeckenp\u00f6hler S: Anatomie und Pathobiomechanik des Skaphoids. Unfallchirurg 2019; 122: 170–81. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00113-018-0597-1 (last accessed on 21 December 2023).","DOI":"10.1007\/s00113-018-0597-1"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schmitt R, Lanz U: Bildgebende Diagnostik der Hand. Thieme; 2014. https:\/\/books.google.de\/books?id=vdXRBQAAQBAJ (last accessed on 21 December 2023).","DOI":"10.1055\/b-0035-103797"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Morsy M, Sabbagh MD, van Alphen NA, Laungani AT, Kadar A, Moran SL: The vascular anatomy of the scaphoid: new discoveries using micro-computed tomography imaging. J Hand Surg Am 2019; 44: 928–38.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.001"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Berger RA: The anatomy of the scaphoid. Hand Clin 2001; 17: 525–32. www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0749071221014384 (last accessed on 21 December 2023).","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0712(21)01438-4"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref28","unstructured":"Sch\u00e4del-H\u00f6pfner M, Bickert B, Dumont C: Leitlinie Skaphoidfraktur AWMF-Registernummer 012–016 2015. www.awmf.org\/leitlinien\/detail\/ll\/012-%0D016.html (last accessed on 7 December 2023)."},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Biswas D, Bible JE, Bohan M, Simpson AK, Whang PG, Grauer JN: Radiation exposure from musculoskeletal computerized tomographic scans. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2009; 91:1882–9.","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.H.01199"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J\u00f8rgsholm P, Ossowski D, Thomsen N, Bj\u00f6rkman A: Epidemiology of scaphoid fractures and non-unions. Handchir Mikrochir Plast Chir 2020;52: 374–81.","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1250-8190"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Duckworth AD, Jenkins PJ, Aitken SA, Clement ND, Court-Brown CM, McQueen MM: Scaphoid fracture epidemiology. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2012; 72: E41–5.","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e31822458e8"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref32","unstructured":"Warwick D, Miller C; Das A, et al.: Scaphoid fracture—the evidence. In: Giddins G; LeblebicioğlG (eds.): Evidence based data in hand surgery and therapy. iris publications 2017: 283–354."},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yeo JH, Kim JY: Surgical strategy for scaphoid nonunion treatment. J Hand Surg Asian-Pacific Vol. 2018; 23: 450–62.","DOI":"10.1142\/S2424835518300049"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garcia-Elias M: Carpal bone fractures (excluding scaphoid fractures). Wrist Ist ed. 2001; 1: 173–86.","DOI":"10.1054\/jhsb.2000.0500"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Levy M, Fischel RE, Stern GM, Goldberg I: Chip fractures of the os triquetrum: the mechanism of injury. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1979; 61-B(3): 355–7.","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.61B3.479259"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guo RC, Cardenas JM, Wu CH: Triquetral fractures overview. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med 2021; 14: 101–6.","DOI":"10.1007\/s12178-021-09692-w"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Smith DK, Murray PM: Avulsion fractures of the volar aspect of triquetral bone of the wrist: a subtle sign of carpal ligament injury. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1996; 166: 609–14.","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.166.3.8623636"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wolfe SW, Pedersen WC, Hotchkiss R, et al.: Green’s operative hand surgery. 7th edition. Handchirurgie Mikrochirurgie Plast Chir 2016; 48: 383–383.","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-113937"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Walker JL, Greene TL, Lunseth PA: Fractures of the body of the trapezium. J Orthop Trauma 1988; 2: 22–8.","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-198802000-00006"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Palmer AK: Trapezial ridge fractures. J Hand Surg Am 1981; 6: 561–4.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(81)80132-3"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Price MB, Vanorny D, Mitchell S, Wu C: Hamate body fractures: a comprehensive review of the literature. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med 2021; 14: 475–84.","DOI":"10.1007\/s12178-021-09731-6"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vigler M, Aviles A, Lee SK: Carpal fractures excluding the scaphoid. Hand Clin 2006; 22: 501–16; abstract vii.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2006.07.007"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Burleson A, Shin S: Return to play after hook of hamate excision in baseball players. Orthop J Sport Med. 2018; 6: 2325967118803090.","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967118803090"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Smith P 3rd, Wright TW, Wallace PF, Dell PC: Excision of the hook of the hamate: a retrospective survey and review of the literature. J Hand Surg Am 1988; 13: 612–5.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(88)80107-2"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carroll RE, Coyle MPJ: Dysfunction of the pisotriquetral joint: treatment by excision of the pisiform. J Hand Surg Am 1985; 10: 703–7.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(85)80212-4"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Strohm PC, Laier P, M\u00fcller CA, Gutorski S, Pfister U: “Scapho-capitate fracture syndrome” an beiden H\u00e4nden. Erstbeschreibung des beidseitigen Auftretens einer seltenen Verletzung. Unfallchirurg 2003; 106: 339–42.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00113-002-0556-7"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fenton RL: The naviculo-capitate fracture syndrome. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1956; 38-A(3): 681–4.","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-195638030-00018"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Panagis JS, Gelberman RH, Taleisnik J, Baumgaertner M: The arterial anatomy of the human carpus. Part II: The intraosseous vascularity. J Hand Surg Am 1983; 8: 375–82.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(83)80195-6"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gelberman RH, Panagis JS, Taleisnik J, Baumgaertner M: The arterial anatomy of the human carpus. Part I: the extraosseous vascularity. J Hand Surg Am 1983; 8: 367–75.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(83)80194-4"},{"key":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gelberman RH, Gross MS: The vascularity of the wrist. Identification of arterial patterns at risk. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1986; (202): 40–9.","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198601000-00006"}],"container-title":["Deutsches \u00c4rzteblatt international"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.aerzteblatt.de\/10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,28]],"date-time":"2024-08-28T05:36:47Z","timestamp":1724823407000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.aerzteblatt.de\/10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,6]]},"references-count":50,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3238\/arztebl.m2024.0102","relation":{},"ISSN":["1866-0452"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1866-0452","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,6]]}}}