{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,20]],"date-time":"2025-03-20T14:10:22Z","timestamp":1742479822422,"version":"3.40.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"National Institute of Public Health NIH (National Research Institute)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,20]],"date-time":"2025-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742428800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,20]],"date-time":"2025-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742428800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,20]],"date-time":"2025-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742428800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Przegl Epidemiol"],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>In Poland, meningitis and\/or encephalitis, regardless of etiology, are subject to routine epidemiological surveillance. This paper presents an analysis of meningitis and\/or encephalitis in 2023, caused by &lt;i&gt;Neisseria meningitidis&lt;\/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Streptococcus pneumoniae&lt;\/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Haemophilus influenzae&lt;\/i&gt; and tick-borne encephalitis virus.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of the study was to assess the epidemiological situation of meningitis and encephalitis in Poland in 2023 taking into account the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the epidemiological situation of neuroinfections in Poland, data sent to NIPH NIH\u2013NRI by the Sanitary and Epidemiological Stations and published in the annual bulletin: \"Infectious diseases and poisonings in Poland in 2023\" and \"Vaccinations in Poland in 2023\" as well as individual epidemiological reports registered in the EpiBaza system.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In 2023, there were 2754 cases of meningitis and\/or encephalitis, an increase of 57.6% compared to 2022 (1748 cases) and 22.5% against 2019 (2249 cases). Incidences of bacterial etiology, including neuroborreliosis, increased by 39.7% (from 848 in 2022 to 1185 in 2023, incidence: 2.24 to 3.14 per 100,000). The incidence for &lt;i&gt;N. meningitidis&lt;\/i&gt; increased by 17.6(from 0.17 to 0.20), for &lt;i&gt;H. influenzae&lt;\/i&gt; by 125% (from 0.04 to 0.09), and for &lt;i&gt;S. pneumoniae&lt;\/i&gt; by 30.9% (from 0.55 to 0.72). Viral infections accounted for 57% of the total, and their number increased by 74.3% (from 900 in 2022 to 1,569 in 2023). The highest number of viral infections was for tick-borne encephalitis, with 661 cases (up 48.2%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>2023 showed an overall upward trend in the number of registered cases of meningitis and\/or encephalitis of bacterial and viral etiology compared to 2022. The number of cases was 22.5% higher than in 2019, the period before the COVID-19 pandemic. These results indicate significant changes in the epidemiological situation, which may be due to improved diagnosis, a change in epidemiological trends and a higher number of reported cases. The observed increase underscores the need for further monitoring and implementation of effective preventive measures to reduce future cases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.32394\/pe\/202694","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,20]],"date-time":"2025-03-20T13:46:48Z","timestamp":1742478408000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Meningitis and encephalitis in Poland in 2023"],"prefix":"10.32394","author":[{"given":"Karolina","family":"Mrozowska-Nyckowska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jakub","family":"Zbrze\u017aniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Iwona","family":"Paradowska-Stankiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"17323","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,20]]},"container-title":["Przeglad Epidemiologiczny"],"original-title":["Zapalenia opon m\u00f3zgowo-rdzeniowych i zapalenia m\u00f3zgu w Polsce w 2023 roku"],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.przeglepidemiol.pzh.gov.pl\/pdf-202694-123511","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.przeglepidemiol.pzh.gov.pl\/pdf-202694-123511","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,20]],"date-time":"2025-03-20T13:46:48Z","timestamp":1742478408000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.przeglepidemiol.pzh.gov.pl\/Zapalenia-opon-mozgowo-rdzeniowych-i-zapalenia-mozgu-w-Polsce-w-2023-roku,202694,0,2.html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,20]]},"references-count":0,"alternative-id":["202694"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32394\/pe\/202694","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-2100","2545-1898"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-2100","type":"print"},{"value":"2545-1898","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,20]]}}}