{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,29]],"date-time":"2024-07-29T19:54:51Z","timestamp":1722282891926},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"National Institute of Public Health NIH (National Research Institute)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Przegl Epidemiol"],"abstract":"<p>ABSTRACT<\/p>\n<p>INTRODUCTION. Since the first report of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) in Poland, in 1996,\u00a0these strains have spread in Polish hospitals, mainly due to selective pressure associated with increased use of\u00a0vancomycin in the treatment of infections caused by methicillin-resistant staphylococci and Clostridium difficile.<br \/>At the beginning of 2016 a growing number of patients colonized with VRE in the gastrointestinal tract was\u00a0observed in the Children\u2019s Memorial Health Institute (IPCZD). Some of these patients were transferred from\u00a0other hospitals, and VRE colonization was found on admission.<br \/>AIM. To analyze genetic similarity of VRE strains isolated from patients hospitalized in IPCZD and two other\u00a0hospitals in Mazovian district, genetic typing by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was performed.<br \/>MATERIALS AND METHODS. VRE strains were isolated from rectal swabs, and other clinical samples such as\u00a0blood, cerebrospinal fluid, other body fluids, and environmental samples. A total of 56 VRE strains from IPCZD,\u00a020 strains from Siedlce and 4 strains from patients from Grochowski Hospital in Warsaw were typed by PFGE.<br \/>RESULTS. PFGE typing revealed 4 VRE clones containing several strains with identical restriction patterns.<br \/>Among VRE strains isolated from neonates hospitalized in IPCZD, two clones with 24 and 20 identical strains\u00a0were found. Respectively, 16 (67%) and 12 (60%) isolates were originated from rectal swabs from patients at\u00a0admission to the hospital. Clonal strains were identified in all three hospitals included in the study.<br \/>CONCLUSIONS. Our results showed that VRE strains had spread in the region. Isolation of clonal strains\u00a0on admission to the hospital suggested independent VRE introductions from environment or other hospitals.<br \/>Identification of clonal strains obtained from rectal swabs and other clinical samples during hospitalization\u00a0indicated horizontal transmission.<\/p>\n<p>STRESZCZENIE<\/p>\n<p>WST\u0118P. Od czasu pierwszego doniesienia o izolacji enterokok\u00f3w oporntych na wankomycyn\u0119 (VRE) w Polsce\u00a0w 1996 roku, szczepy te bardzo rozpowszechni\u0142y si\u0119 w polskich szpitalach, na skutek selekcji spowodowanej m.in.\u00a0zwi\u0119kszonym zu\u017cyciem wankomycyny w leczeniu zaka\u017ce\u0144 wywo\u0142anych przez gronkowce metycylinooporne (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA, methicillin resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci, MRCNS)\u00a0oraz Clostridium difficile. Na pocz\u0105tku 2016 roku w Instytucie Pomnik Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (IPCZD) coraz\u00a0cz\u0119\u015bciej zacz\u0119li pojawia\u0107 si\u0119 pacjenci skolonizowani VRE w przewodzie pokarmowym. Cz\u0119\u015b\u0107 z nich trafia\u0142a z innych\u00a0szpitali, a kolonizacj\u0119 cz\u0119sto stwierdzano w badaniu przesiewowym przy przyj\u0119ciu.<br \/>CEL. Analiza pokrewie\u0144stwa genetycznego szczep\u00f3w VRE izolowanych od pacjent\u00f3w PCZD oraz 2 innych\u00a0szpitali na Mazowszu przeprowadzona za pomoc\u0105 typowania genetycznego metod\u0105 elektroforezy pulsacyjnej\u00a0(pulsed field electrophoresis, PFGE).<br \/>MATERIA\u0141Y I METODY. Szczepy VRE izolowano z rutynowo pobieranych wymaz\u00f3w z odbytu oraz z innych\u00a0materia\u0142\u00f3w klinicznych, takich jak: krew, p\u0142yn m\u00f3zgowo-rdzeniowy, p\u0142yn z otrzewnej, a tak\u017ce ze \u015brodowiska\u00a0pacjent\u00f3w skolonizowanych \/ zaka\u017conych. Typowanie obj\u0119\u0142o 56 szczep\u00f3w VRE z IPCZD, 20 szczep\u00f3w\u00a0izolowanych od pacjent\u00f3w szpitala w Siedlcach oraz 4 szczepy ze szpitala Grochowskiego w Warszawie.<br \/>WYNIKI. Typowanie PFGE wykaza\u0142o obecno\u015b\u0107 4 klon\u00f3w obejmuj\u0105cych szczepy o identycznych wzorach\u00a0restrykcyjnych. W\u015br\u00f3d szczep\u00f3w VRE izolowanych od pacjent\u00f3w oddzia\u0142u noworodkowego IPCZD wykryto\u00a0obecno\u015b\u0107 2 klon\u00f3w licz\u0105cych 24 i 20 szczep\u00f3w o identycznych wzorach restrykcyjnych. Odpowiednio, 16 (67%)\u00a0i 12 (60%) izolat\u00f3w pochodzi\u0142o z wymaz\u00f3w z odbytu pobranych w dniu przyj\u0119cia. Podobne do siebie szczepy\u00a0klonalne izolowano w IPCZD, szpitalu Grochowskim i w szpitalu w Siedlcach.<br \/>WNIOSKI. Zjawisko to \u015bwiadczy o rozpowszechnieniu klonalnych szczep\u00f3w VRE w \u015brodowisku regionu.<br \/>Izolacja szczep\u00f3w klonalnych z wymaz\u00f3w z odbytu od kilku pacjent\u00f3w, pobranych w dniu przyj\u0119cia do szpitala,\u00a0wskazuje na niezale\u017cne introdukcje VRE do szpitala ze \u015brodowiska pozaszpitalnego. Izolacja szczep\u00f3w klonalnych\u00a0z wymaz\u00f3w z odbytu oraz innych materia\u0142\u00f3w klinicznych uzyskanych od pacjent\u00f3w w trakcie hospitalizacji\u00a0(w tym od pacjent\u00f3w z tego samego oddzia\u0142u) \u015bwiadczy o licznych przypadkach transmisji horyzontalnej.<\/p><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.32394\/pe.73.06","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,28]],"date-time":"2019-05-28T09:16:44Z","timestamp":1559035004000},"page":"49-60","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Genetic typing of Enterococcus faecium VRE strains isolated in three hospitals in Warsaw and Siedlce in 2015-2016"],"prefix":"10.32394","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"W","family":"Kami\u0144ska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Grochowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Chmielarczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Olszewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Skolimowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K","family":"Dzier\u017canowska-Fangrat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"17323","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,5]]},"container-title":["Przeglad Epidemiologiczny"],"original-title":["Typowanie genetyczne Enterococcus faecium VRE izolowanych w szpitalach w Warszawie i w Siedlcach w latach 2015-2016"],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.przeglepidemiol.pzh.gov.pl\/pdf-180864-101421","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.przeglepidemiol.pzh.gov.pl\/pdf-180864-101421","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,8]],"date-time":"2024-03-08T08:47:44Z","timestamp":1709887664000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.przeglepidemiol.pzh.gov.pl\/Genetic-typing-of-Enterococcus-faecium-VRE-strains-isolated-in-three-hospitals-in,180864,0,2.html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,5]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019]]}},"alternative-id":["180864"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32394\/pe.73.06","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-2100","2545-1898"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-2100","type":"print"},{"value":"2545-1898","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,5]]}}}