{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]],"date-time":"2025-10-18T10:55:09Z","timestamp":1760784909185},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"National Institute of Public Health NIH (National Research Institute)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Przegl Epidemiol"],"abstract":"<p><strong>ABSTRACT<\/strong><br \/>Until the 19th century, the factor causing epidemics was not known, and the escape from a place where it\u00a0occurred as well as isolation of patients was considered to be the only effective way to avoid illness and death.<br \/>Quarantine in a sense similar to modern times was used in 1377 in Ragusa, today\u2019s Dubrovnik, during the\u00a0plague epidemic. It was the first administratively imposed procedure in the world\u2019s history. It was later used in\u00a0Venice and other rich port cities in the Mediterranean. On the territory of today\u2019s Poland, quarantine measures\u00a0were used by the so-called Mayor of the Air \u2013 LukaszDrewno in 1623 during the plague epidemic in Warsaw.\u00a0<br \/>The quarantine left its mark on all areas of human activity. It affected all humanity in a way that is underestimated\u00a0today. Throughout history, it has been described and presented visually. It is omnipresent in the world literature,\u00a0art and philosophy. However, the isolation and closure of cities, limiting trade, had an impact on the economic\u00a0balance, and the dilemma between the choice of inhabitants\u2019 health and the quality of existence, i.e. their wealth,\u00a0has been the subject of discussions since the Middle Ages.<br \/>Since the end of the 19th century, quarantine has lost its practical meaning. The discovery of bacteria and\u00a0a huge development of medical and social sciences allowed limiting its range. In the 20th century isolation and\u00a0quarantine no longer had a global range, because the ability to identify factors causing the epidemic, knowledge\u00a0about the incubation period, carrier, infectiousness, enabled the rational determination of its duration and\u00a0territorial range.<br \/>The modern SARS COV 2 pandemic has resulted in a global quarantine on a scale unprecedented for at least\u00a0three hundred years. The aim of this paper is to present the history of quarantine from its beginning to the\u00a0present day, including its usefulness as an epidemiological tool.<\/p>\n<p><strong>STRESZCZENIE<\/strong><br \/>Do XIX w. nie by\u0142 znany czynnik wywo\u0142uj\u0105cy epidemie, a ucieczk\u0119 z miejsca, gdzie wyst\u0105pi\u0142a oraz izolowanie\u00a0chorych uwa\u017cane by\u0142o za jedyny skuteczny spos\u00f3b unikni\u0119cia choroby i \u015bmierci. Kwarantanna w znaczeniu\u00a0zbli\u017conym do wsp\u00f3\u0142czesnego zosta\u0142a zastosowana w 1377 r. w Raguzie, dzisiejszy Dubrownik, podczas epidemii\u00a0d\u017cumy. By\u0142o to pierwsze w dziejach \u015bwiata post\u0119powanie na\u0142o\u017cone administracyjnie. P\u00f3\u017aniej stosowano\u00a0j\u0105 w Wenecji oraz innych bogatych miastach portowych basenu Morza \u015ar\u00f3dziemnego. Na terenach dzisiejszej\u00a0Polski, dzia\u0142ania o charakterze kwarantanny zastosowa\u0142 tzw. Burmistrz Powietrzny \u2013 \u0141ukasz Drewno w 1623 r.\u00a0podczas epidemii d\u017cumy w Warszawie.<br \/>Kwarantanna odcisn\u0119\u0142a pi\u0119tno na wszelkich obszarach dzia\u0142alno\u015bci cz\u0142owieka. Dotyczy\u0142a ca\u0142ej ludzko\u015bci w spos\u00f3b\u00a0dzi\u015b niedoceniony. Na przestrzeni dziej\u00f3w by\u0142a opisywana i przedstawiana wizualnie. Jest wszechobecna\u00a0w \u015bwiatowej literaturze, sztuce, filozofii. Izolacja i zamykanie miast, ograniczanie handlu wp\u0142ywa\u0142o jednak na\u00a0bilans ekonomiczny, a dylemat mi\u0119dzy wyborem zdrowia mieszka\u0144c\u00f3w a jako\u015bci\u0105 bytu, czyli ich zamo\u017cno\u015bci\u0105\u00a0\u2013 powodowa\u0142 dyskusje ju\u017c od \u015bredniowiecza.<br \/>Od ko\u0144ca XIX w. kwarantanna straci\u0142a na praktycznym znaczeniu. Odkrycie bakterii oraz olbrzymi rozw\u00f3j\u00a0nauk medycznych i spo\u0142ecznych umo\u017cliwi\u0142 ograniczanie jej zasi\u0119gu. W XX w. izolacja i kwarantanna nie mia\u0142y\u00a0ju\u017c zasi\u0119gu globalnego, poniewa\u017c mo\u017cliwo\u015b\u0107 identyfikacji czynnika wywo\u0142uj\u0105cego epidemi\u0119, wiedza o okresie\u00a0wyl\u0119gania, nosicielstwie, zara\u017aliwo\u015bci, pozwala\u0142a na racjonalne ustalanie czasu jej trwania i wyznaczania zasi\u0119gu\u00a0terytorialnego.<br \/>Wsp\u00f3\u0142czesna pandemia wirusem SARS COV 2 spowodowa\u0142a og\u00f3lno\u015bwiatow\u0105 kwarantann\u0119 na skal\u0119 niespotykan\u0105\u00a0od co najmniej trzystu lat. Celem artyku\u0142u jest przedstawienie historii kwarantanny od jej pocz\u0105tku do\u00a0wsp\u00f3\u0142czesno\u015bci, z uwzgl\u0119dnieniem przydatno\u015bci jako narz\u0119dzia epidemiologicznego.<\/p><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.32394\/pe.74.15","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,26]],"date-time":"2020-10-26T14:15:45Z","timestamp":1603721745000},"page":"180-195","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Quarantine as a tool of epidemic fight"],"prefix":"10.32394","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"R E","family":"Paliga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"17323","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,19]]},"container-title":["Przeglad Epidemiologiczny"],"original-title":["Kwarantanna jako narz\u0119dzie do walki z epidemiami"],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.przeglepidemiol.pzh.gov.pl\/pdf-180929-101492","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.przeglepidemiol.pzh.gov.pl\/pdf-180929-101492","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,8]],"date-time":"2024-03-08T08:45:28Z","timestamp":1709887528000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.przeglepidemiol.pzh.gov.pl\/Quarantine-as-a-tool-of-epidemic-fight,180929,0,2.html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,19]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]}},"alternative-id":["180929"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32394\/pe.74.15","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-2100","2545-1898"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-2100","type":"print"},{"value":"2545-1898","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,19]]}}}