{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T19:49:37Z","timestamp":1783799377759,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"National Institute of Public Health NIH (National Research Institute)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Przegl Epidemiol"],"abstract":"<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><strong>ABSTRACT<\/strong><br \/><strong>THE AIM OF THE STUDY.<\/strong> Is to present the state of knowledge from April and May 2020 about the influence\u00a0of Bacillus-Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin vaccination against tuberculosis on incidence and mortality due to COVID-19.<br \/><strong>MATERIAL AND METHODS.<\/strong> A review of the latest literature till 9 May 2020 has been made. PubMed and\u00a0ResearchGate databases and WHO reports were used.<br \/><strong>RESULTS.<\/strong> Immunomodulatory properties of the tuberculosis vaccine which protects against severe cases of\u00a0tuberculosis and partly against other infections are indicated, including viral and respiratory infections. The\u00a0BCG vaccine induces heterologous immunity and trained innate immunity. It was noted that in countries which\u00a0maintain obligatory BCG vaccination COVID-19 incidence and mortality are lower than in countries that have\u00a0stopped or never introduced BCG as mandatory vaccination. Most analysis confirmed this relationship, but they\u00a0indicated the possible impact of other factors, such as genetics in the population, the type of strain from BCG\u00a0vaccine, the level of health care and the wealth of a nation, the structure of migration, co-morbidities and a\u00a0policy of introducing social distance.<br \/><strong>CONCLUSIONS.<\/strong> At the moment, we do not have enough evidence to support or deny the hypothesis of\u00a0COVID-19 reduction in incidence and mortality in countries maintaining obligatory BCG vaccination. Other\u00a0factors that might affect the results should be considered in further analysis. The results of clinical trials will\u00a0provide more reliable proofs than analysis of epidemiological data. WHO does not recommend BCG vaccination\u00a0to prevent COVID-19 and recommends it to newborns from areas with a higher incidence of tuberculosis.<\/p>\n<p><strong>STRESZCZENIE<\/strong><br \/><strong>CEL.<\/strong> Celem pracy jest przedstawienie stanu wiedzy z prze\u0142omu kwietnia i maja 2020 roku na temat wp\u0142ywu\u00a0szczepienia przeciwko gru\u017alicy Bacillus-Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin na zachorowalno\u015b\u0107 i umieralno\u015b\u0107 z powodu COVID-19.<br \/><strong>MATERIA\u0141 I METODY.<\/strong> Dokonano przegl\u0105du najnowszej dost\u0119pnej literatury do dnia 09.05.2020 roku. Korzystano\u00a0z baz danych PubMed i ResearchGate oraz doniesie\u0144 \u015awiatowej Organizacji Zdrowia.<br \/><strong>WYNIKI.<\/strong> Wskazuje si\u0119 na immunomoduluj\u0105ce w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci szczepionki BCG, kt\u00f3ra chroni przed najci\u0119\u017cszymi\u00a0przypadkami gru\u017alicy oraz cz\u0119\u015bciowo przed innymi zaka\u017ceniami, w tym wirusowymi i wywo\u0142uj\u0105cymi\u00a0zaka\u017cenia uk\u0142adu oddechowego. Szczepionka ta indukuje odporno\u015b\u0107 heterologiczn\u0105 i w mechanizmie \u201ewyuczonej\u201d odporno\u015bci wrodzonej. Zauwa\u017cono, \u017ce w krajach, kt\u00f3re utrzymuj\u0105 obowi\u0105zkowe szczepienie BCG w\u00a0dzieci\u0144stwie, zachorowalno\u015b\u0107 i umieralno\u015b\u0107 z powodu COVID-19 jest ni\u017csza ni\u017c w krajach, kt\u00f3re zaprzesta\u0142y\u00a0obowi\u0105zkowych szczepie\u0144 lub ich nigdy nie wprowadzi\u0142y. Wi\u0119kszo\u015b\u0107 analiz potwierdzi\u0142a t\u0119 zale\u017cno\u015b\u0107, jednak\u00a0wskaza\u0142y one jednocze\u015bnie na mo\u017cliwy wp\u0142yw innych czynnik\u00f3w zak\u0142\u00f3caj\u0105cych wyniki, takich jak czynniki\u00a0genetyczne w populacji, rodzaj szczepu bakteryjnego u\u017cytego do wykonania szczepionki BCG, poziom opieki\u00a0zdrowotnej i zamo\u017cno\u015bci narodu, struktura migracji, choroby wsp\u00f3\u0142istniej\u0105ce pacjent\u00f3w z COVID-19 i polityka\u00a0wprowadzania dystansu spo\u0142ecznego.<br \/><strong>WNIOSKI.<\/strong> Obecnie nie ma wystarczaj\u0105cych dowod\u00f3w, by potwierdzi\u0107 lub zaprzeczy\u0107 postawionej hipotezie\u00a0obni\u017cenia zachorowalno\u015bci i umieralno\u015bci z powodu COVID-19 w krajach utrzymuj\u0105cych obowi\u0105zkowe szczepienie\u00a0BCG. Inne czynniki mog\u0105ce mie\u0107 wp\u0142yw na wyniki nale\u017cy wzi\u0105\u0107 pod uwag\u0119 w dalszych analizach.\u00a0Wyniki bada\u0144 klinicznych dostarcz\u0105 bardziej wiarygodnych dowod\u00f3w ni\u017c analizy danych epidemiologicznych.\u00a0\u015awiatowa Organizacja Zdrowia nie zaleca obecnie szczepienia BCG w celu zapobiegania COVID-19 i zaleca je\u00a0jak dotychczas\u00a0noworodkom z teren\u00f3w o wy\u017cszej zachorowalno\u015bci na gru\u017alic\u0119.<\/p><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.32394\/pe.74.22","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,26]],"date-time":"2020-10-26T14:16:17Z","timestamp":1603721777000},"page":"290-302","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The influence of vaccination against tuberculosis with the Bacillus-Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin(BCG) vaccine on COVID-19 incidence and mortality \u2013 review of the literature"],"prefix":"10.32394","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"G","family":"R\u0119ka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Korzeniowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H","family":"Piecewicz-Szcz\u0119sna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"17323","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,19]]},"container-title":["Przeglad Epidemiologiczny"],"original-title":["Wp\u0142yw szczepienia przeciwko gru\u017alicy szczepionk\u0105 Bacillus-Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin"],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.przeglepidemiol.pzh.gov.pl\/pdf-180936-101499","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.przeglepidemiol.pzh.gov.pl\/pdf-180936-101499","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,8]],"date-time":"2024-03-08T08:45:39Z","timestamp":1709887539000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.przeglepidemiol.pzh.gov.pl\/The-influence-of-vaccination-against-tuberculosis-with-the-Bacillus-Calmette-Guerin,180936,0,2.html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,19]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]}},"alternative-id":["180936"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32394\/pe.74.22","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-2100","2545-1898"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-2100","type":"print"},{"value":"2545-1898","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,19]]}}}