{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T09:17:36Z","timestamp":1776763056747,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"National Institute of Public Health NIH (National Research Institute)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Przegl Epidemiol"],"abstract":"<p><strong>ABSTRACT<\/strong><br \/><strong>AIM OF THE STUDY.<\/strong> To evaluate the main features of epidemiology of tuberculosis (TB) in 2020 in Poland\u00a0and to compare with the situation in the European Union and European Economic Area (EU\/EEA) countries.<br \/><strong>MATERIAL AND METHODS.<\/strong> Analysis of case-based data on TB patients from National TB Register, data\u00a0on anti-TB drug susceptibility in cases notified in 2020, data from Statistics Poland on deaths from tuberculosis\u00a0in 2019, data from National Institute of Public Health NIH \u2013 National Research Institute (NIPH NIH \u2013 NRI) on\u00a0HIV-positive subjects for whom TB was an AIDS-defining disease, data from the report \u201eEuropean Centre for\u00a0Disease Prevention and Control, WHO Regional Office for Europe. Tuberculosis surveillance and monitoring in\u00a0Europe 2022 \u2013 2020 data. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe and Stockholm: European Centre for\u00a0Disease Prevention and Control; 2022.\u201d<br \/><strong>RESULTS.<\/strong> In 2020, 3,388 TB cases were reported in Poland. The incidence rate was 8.8 cases per 100,000 with\u00a0large variability between voivodeships from 5.5 to 13.3 per 100,000. A decrease in the incidence was found in 15\u00a0voivodeships, the most significant in \u015al\u0105skie voivodship (63.9%). The number of all pulmonary tuberculosis cases\u00a0was 3,237 i.e. 8.4 per 100,000. Pulmonary cases represented 95.5% of all TB cases. In 2020, 151 extrapulmonary\u00a0TB cases were notified (4.5% of all TB cases). Pulmonary tuberculosis was bacteriologically confirmed in 2,573\u00a0cases (79.5% of all pulmonary TB cases, the incidence rate 6.7 per 100,000). The number of smear-positive\u00a0pulmonary TB cases was 1,771 i.e. 4.6 per 100,000 (54.7% of all pulmonary TB cases). In 2020, there were 38\u00a0cases (15 of foreign origin) with multidrug resistant TB (MDR-TB) representing 1.6% of cases with known drug\u00a0sensitivity. The incidence rates of tuberculosis were growing along with increasing age from 0.7 per 100,000\u00a0among children (0-14 years) to 15.0 per 100,000 among subjects in the age group 45-64 years, the incidence rate\u00a0in the age group \u226565 years was 12.1 per 100,000. There were 39 cases in children up to 14 years of age (1.2% of\u00a0the total) and 49 cases in adolescents between 15 and 19 years of age \u2013 rates 0.7 and 2.7 per 100,000 respectively.<br \/>In 2020, there were 2,506 cases of tuberculosis in men and 882 in women. The TB incidence in men \u2013 13.5 per\u00a0100,000 was 3.0 times higher than among women \u2013 4.5. The biggest difference in the TB incidence between the\u00a0two sex groups occurred in persons aged 50-54 years \u2013 26.8 vs. 4.1 and in age group 55 to 59 years \u2013 28.7 vs.\u00a04.8. In 2020, there were 116 patients of foreign origin among all cases of tuberculosis in Poland (3.4%). In 2019,\u00a0TB was the cause of death for 456 people (mortality rate \u2013 1.2 per 100,000).<br \/><strong>CONCLUSIONS.<\/strong> TB incidence in Poland in 2020 was 36.7% lower than in 2019. Such significant declines\u00a0in the incidence have not been observed in the last two decades. As in previous years, there were differences\u00a0in incidence rates between voivodeships with an unexpectedly sharp decrease in incidence in Silesia (\u015al\u0105skie\u00a0voivodeship). The percentage of tuberculosis cases with bacteriological confirmation exceeded 78%, more than\u00a0in EU\/EEA countries (67.3%). The percentage of MDR-TB cases was still lower than the average in EU\/EEA\u00a0countries (1.6% vs. 3.8%). The highest incidence rates were found in Poland in the older age groups (EU\/EEAaged\u00a025 to 44). The percentage of children up to 14 years of age among the total number of TB patients was\u00a01.2%, less than the average in EU\/EEA countries (3.8%). The incidence of tuberculosis in men was three times\u00a0higher than in women in Poland, and six times higher in patients aged 50 to 59. The impact of migration on the\u00a0TB pattern in Poland has not yet become significant in 2020. The percentage of foreigners among TB patients\u00a0was 3.4% (33% in EU\/EEA countries).<\/p>\n<p><strong>STRESZCZENIE<\/strong><br \/><strong>CEL PRACY.<\/strong> Analiza sytuacji epidemiologicznej gru\u017alicy w Polsce w 2020 roku w por\u00f3wnaniu z sytuacj\u0105\u00a0w krajach Unii Europejskiej (UE) i Europejskiego Obszaru Gospodarczego (EOG).<br \/><strong>MATERIA\u0141 I METODY.<\/strong> Analiza przypadk\u00f3w zarejestrowanych w Krajowym Rejestrze Zachorowa\u0144 na\u00a0Gru\u017alic\u0119 w 2020 roku, wynik\u00f3w lekowra\u017cliwo\u015bci pr\u0105tk\u00f3w z rejestr\u00f3w laboratoryjnych, danych G\u0142\u00f3wnego Urz\u0119du\u00a0Statystycznego o zgonach z przyczyny gru\u017alicy (w 2019 roku), danych Narodowego Instytutu Zdrowia Publicznego\u00a0PZH \u2013 Pa\u0144stwowego Instytutu Badawczego (NIZP PZH \u2013 PIB) o przypadkach gru\u017alicy jako choroby\u00a0wska\u017anikowej zespo\u0142u nabytego niedoboru odporno\u015bci (ang. aquired immune deficiency syndrome, AIDS) oraz\u00a0raportu Europejskiego Centrum do Spraw Zapobiegania i Kontroli Chor\u00f3b (ang. European Centre for Disease\u00a0Prevention and Control, ECDC) i \u015awiatowej Organizacji Zdrowia (ang. World Health Organization, WHO)\u00a0o gru\u017alicy w krajach UE\/EOG w 2020 roku.<br \/><strong>WYNIKI.<\/strong> W 2020 roku zarejestrowano w Polsce 3 388 przypadk\u00f3w gru\u017alicy. Zapadalno\u015b\u0107 wynosi\u0142a 8,8 na\u00a0100 000 (wsp\u00f3\u0142czynniki zapadalno\u015bci r\u00f3\u017cni\u0142y si\u0119 mi\u0119dzy wojew\u00f3dztwami i wynosi\u0142y od 5,5 do 13,3 na 100 000).\u00a0Spadek zapadalno\u015bci stwierdzono w 15 wojew\u00f3dztwach, najwi\u0119kszy w woj. \u015bl\u0105skim (o 63,9%). U 3 237 os\u00f3b\u00a0(95,5% og\u00f3\u0142u) rozpoznano gru\u017alic\u0119 p\u0142uc \u2013 wsp\u00f3\u0142czynnik zapadalno\u015bci 8,4 na 100 000. Chorzy wy\u0142\u0105cznie na\u00a0gru\u017alic\u0119 pozap\u0142ucn\u0105 \u2013 151, stanowili 4,5% wszystkich zachorowa\u0144. W 2 573 przypadkach gru\u017alicy p\u0142uc (79,5%)\u00a0rozpoznanie by\u0142o potwierdzone bakteriologicznie (6,7 na 100 000). Chorzy na gru\u017alic\u0119 p\u0142uc, w liczbie 1 771\u00a0(4,6 na 100 000), u kt\u00f3rych pr\u0105tki stwierdzono tak\u017ce w bakterioskopii, stanowili 54,7% wszystkich przypadk\u00f3w\u00a0gru\u017alicy p\u0142uc. 38 chorych (1,6% przypadk\u00f3w ze znanymi wynikami lekowra\u017cliwo\u015bci), w tym 15 cudzoziemc\u00f3w,\u00a0mia\u0142o gru\u017alic\u0119 wielolekooporn\u0105 (ang. multidrug-resistant tuberculosis \u2013 MDR-TB). Wsp\u00f3\u0142czynniki zapadalno\u015bci\u00a0na gru\u017alic\u0119 zwi\u0119ksza\u0142y si\u0119 wraz z wiekiem chorych, od 0,7 u dzieci do lat 14 do 15,0 na 100 000 w grupie\u00a0wieku 45-64 lata (u os\u00f3b w wieku 65 lat i starszych \u2013 12,1). Zg\u0142oszono 39 zachorowa\u0144 na gru\u017alic\u0119 u dzieci do lat\u00a014 (1,2% og\u00f3\u0142u chorych) i 49 przypadk\u00f3w u m\u0142odzie\u017cy w wieku od 15 do 19 lat \u2013 wsp\u00f3\u0142czynniki odpowiednio\u00a00,7 i 2,7 na 100 000. W 2020 roku zarejestrowano 2 506 zachorowa\u0144 u m\u0119\u017cczyzn \u2013 wsp\u00f3\u0142czynnik zapadalno\u015bci\u00a013,5 i 882 zachorowania u kobiet \u2013 wsp\u00f3\u0142czynnik 4,5. Zapadalno\u015b\u0107 na gru\u017alic\u0119 u m\u0119\u017cczyzn by\u0142a trzykrotnie wi\u0119ksza ni\u017c u kobiet. Najwi\u0119ksza r\u00f3\u017cnica zapadalno\u015bci mi\u0119dzy m\u0119\u017cczyznami a kobietami wyst\u0119powa\u0142a u os\u00f3b\u00a0w wieku od 50 do 54 lat (26,8 vs. 4,1) i od 55 do 59 lat (28,7 vs. 4,8). Cudzoziemcy (116) stanowili 3,4% og\u00f3\u0142u\u00a0chorych na gru\u017alic\u0119. W 2019 roku gru\u017alica by\u0142a przyczyn\u0105 zgonu 456 os\u00f3b (wsp\u00f3\u0142czynnik umieralno\u015bci \u2013 1,2\u00a0na 100 000).<br \/><strong>WNIOSKI.<\/strong> Zapadalno\u015b\u0107 na gru\u017alic\u0119 w Polsce w 2020 roku by\u0142a mniejsza o 36,7% w por\u00f3wnaniu z rokiem\u00a02019. Tak du\u017ce spadki zapadalno\u015bci nie by\u0142y obserwowane w ci\u0105gu ostatnich dwudziestu lat. Szczeg\u00f3ln\u0105 uwag\u0119\u00a0zwraca nieoczekiwanie du\u017cy spadek zapadalno\u015bci w woj. \u015bl\u0105skim. Tak du\u017cy spadek budzi podejrzenie znacz\u0105cego\u00a0niedorejestrowania zachorowa\u0144 w istniej\u0105cych grupach ryzyka zachorowania na gru\u017alic\u0119, o utrudnionym\u00a0dost\u0119pie do plac\u00f3wek ochrony zdrowia w czasie epidemii COVID-19. Odsetek przypadk\u00f3w gru\u017alicy z potwierdzeniem\u00a0bakteriologicznym przekroczy\u0142 78% i by\u0142 wi\u0119kszy ni\u017c w krajach UE\/EOG (67,3%). Odsetek zachorowa\u0144\u00a0na MDR-TB by\u0142, podobnie jak w latach poprzednich, mniejszy ni\u017c przeci\u0119tny w krajach UE\/EOG (1,6% vs.\u00a03,8%). Najwi\u0119ksze wsp\u00f3\u0142czynniki zapadalno\u015bci stwierdza si\u0119 w Polsce w starszych grupach wieku (UE\/EOG\u00a0\u2013 w wieku od 25 do 44 lat). Odsetek dzieci w wieku do 14 lat w\u015br\u00f3d og\u00f3\u0142u chorych na gru\u017alic\u0119 wynosi\u0142 1,2%,\u00a0mniej ni\u017c \u015bredni w krajach UE\/EOG (3,8%). Zapadalno\u015b\u0107 na gru\u017alic\u0119 u m\u0119\u017cczyzn by\u0142a w Polsce trzykrotnie\u00a0wi\u0119ksza ni\u017c u kobiet, u chorych w wieku od 50 do 59 lat sze\u015bciokrotnie wi\u0119ksza. Wp\u0142yw migracji na sytuacj\u0119\u00a0epidemiologiczn\u0105 gru\u017alicy w Polsce nie by\u0142 jeszcze w 2020 roku znacz\u0105cy. Odsetek cudzoziemc\u00f3w w\u015br\u00f3d chorych\u00a0na gru\u017alic\u0119 wynosi\u0142 3,4% (w krajach UE\/EOG \u2013 33%).<\/p><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.32394\/pe.76.48","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,5]],"date-time":"2023-04-05T09:47:42Z","timestamp":1680688062000},"page":"528-546","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Tuberculosis in Poland in 2020"],"prefix":"10.32394","volume":"76","author":[{"given":"M","family":"Korzeniewska-Kose\u0142a","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Weso\u0142owski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"17323","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,5]]},"container-title":["Przeglad Epidemiologiczny"],"original-title":["Gru\u017alica w Polsce w 2020"],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.przeglepidemiol.pzh.gov.pl\/pdf-181095-101656","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.przeglepidemiol.pzh.gov.pl\/pdf-181095-101656","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,8]],"date-time":"2024-03-08T08:43:49Z","timestamp":1709887429000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.przeglepidemiol.pzh.gov.pl\/Tuberculosis-in-Poland-in-2020,181095,0,2.html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,5]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}},"alternative-id":["181095"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32394\/pe.76.48","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-2100","2545-1898"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-2100","type":"print"},{"value":"2545-1898","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,5]]}}}