{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,21]],"date-time":"2025-05-21T11:05:13Z","timestamp":1747825513279},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"National Institute of Public Health NIH (National Research Institute)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Przegl Epidemiol"],"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;p&gt;The aim of this review is to present various animal organisms used to determine the pathogenicity and virulence of old and new human and animal pathogens based on animal studies, cell cultures, macrophages and other models. The animal models presented in this study, in addition to the most popular organisms such as the laboratory mouse, rat, guinea pig and monkey, are also less popular models, such as zebrafish (Danio rerio) or chicken embryos in eggs. These animals are used to study the pathogenicity of parasites such as Acanthamoeba, Naegleria fowlerii, Toxoplasma gondii, Entamoeba histolytica and Besnoitia caprae and other species. In addition to animal models, we also present models using cell cultures, macrophages and computer methods. We also answer questions about what experimental methods allow to differentiate species and populations in terms of pathogenicity and virulence.&lt;\/p&gt;\n&lt;p&gt;Celem niniejszego opracowania przegl\u0105dowego jest przedstawienie r\u00f3\u017cnych organizm\u00f3w zwierz\u0119cych s\u0142u\u017c\u0105cych do oznaczania patogeniczno\u015bci &lt;br \/&gt;i wirulencji starych i nowych patogen\u00f3w cz\u0142owieka i zwierz\u0105t w oparciu &lt;br \/&gt;o badania na zwierz\u0119tach, hodowlach kom\u00f3rkowych, makrofagach i innych modelach. Modelami zwierz\u0119cymi przedstawionymi w niniejszym opracowaniu, opr\u00f3cz najpopularniejszych organizm\u00f3w takich jak mysz laboratoryjna, szczur, \u015bwinka morska oraz ma\u0142pa, s\u0105 r\u00f3wnie\u017c modele mniej popularne np. ryba danio pr\u0119gowany (Danio rerio), czy zarodki kurze w jajach. Te zwierz\u0119ta wykorzystywane s\u0105 w celu zbadania patogeniczno\u015bci paso\u017cyt\u00f3w takich jak Acanthamoeba, Naegleria fowlerii, Toxoplasma gondii, Entamoeba histolytica oraz Besnoitia caprae i innych gatunk\u00f3w. Opr\u00f3cz modeli zwierz\u0119cych, przedstawiamy tak\u017ce modele z wykorzystaniem hodowli kom\u00f3rkowych, makrofag\u00f3w oraz metody komputerowe. Odpowiadamy r\u00f3wnie\u017c na pytania jakie metody eksperymentalne pozwalaj\u0105 r\u00f3\u017cnicowa\u0107 gatunki i populacje pod wzgl\u0119dem patogeniczno\u015bci i wirulencji.&lt;\/p&gt;<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.32394\/pe.77.20","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,11]],"date-time":"2023-10-11T04:05:23Z","timestamp":1696997123000},"page":"209-219","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Determining the pathogenicity and virulence of parasites on animal models"],"prefix":"10.32394","volume":"77","author":[{"given":"Anna","family":"Szpakowska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Agata","family":"Stachowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Agata","family":"Burzy\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dominika","family":"K\u0119dys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Makowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edward","family":"Hada\u015b","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"17323","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]]},"container-title":["Przeglad Epidemiologiczny"],"original-title":["Oznaczanie patogeniczno\u015bci i wirulencji z wykorzystaniem modeli zwierz\u0119cych"],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.przeglepidemiol.pzh.gov.pl\/pdf-181123-101684","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.przeglepidemiol.pzh.gov.pl\/pdf-181123-101684","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,8]],"date-time":"2024-03-08T03:43:03Z","timestamp":1709869383000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.przeglepidemiol.pzh.gov.pl\/Determining-the-pathogenicity-and-virulence-of-parasites-on-animal-models,181123,0,2.html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}},"alternative-id":["181123"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32394\/pe.77.20","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-2100","2545-1898"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-2100","type":"print"},{"value":"2545-1898","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]]}}}