{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T13:38:30Z","timestamp":1791380310691,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"National Institute of Public Health NIH (National Research Institute)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Przegl Epidemiol"],"abstract":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>OBJECTIVES.<\/strong> The aim of this study is to compare the epidemiological situation of legionellosis in Poland in 2018-2021 to prior years, taking into account the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020-2021.<br \/> <strong>MATERIAL AND METHODS.<\/strong> The assessment is based on national surveillance data published in the annual bulletin \u201cInfectious Diseases and Poisons in Poland\u201d from 2013 to 2021, as well as data from Legionnaires\u2019 disease case reports collected and sent to the Department of Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases and Surveillance NIPH NIH \u2013 NRI by sanitary and epidemiological stations or submitted to EpiBase.<br \/> <strong>RESULTS.<\/strong> In Poland, both Legionnaires\u2019 disease (an acute infection that progresses to pneumonia) and Pontiac fever (a mild, flu-like sickness) are reported. In 2018-2021, a total of 255 cases of legionellosis were registered, including 236 cases of Legionnaires\u2019 disease and 19 cases of Pontiac fever. Each year, there was an increase in the number of notifications compared to the annual median number of cases from 2013-2017. The annual incidence rate in 2019 (0.23 per 100,000 population) was the highest since the start of legionellosis case registration in Poland. It declined again during the years of the COVID-19 pandemic. The notifications occurred throughout the country, but the highest notification rate was observed in the western belt of voivodeships. Pomorskie reported the highest incidence, accounting for more than 20% of all registered cases. The median incidence of Legionnaires\u2019 disease in men (0.23 per 100,000) was more than twice that of women (0.10), with the highest incidence (0.58) recorded in men 65 years of age or older. All indigenous cases of Legionnaires\u2019 disease were sporadic; all but three patients were hospitalized. State Sanitary Inspection reported 26 fatal cases of Legionnaires\u2019 disease (mortality = 11%). Twenty four cases were linked to contaminated water systems in health-care settings, and 21 cases were likely associated with travel abroad.<br \/> <strong>SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS.<\/strong> Although the number of notifications has increased in recent years, Legionnaires\u2019 disease is still an infrequently diagnosed respiratory infection in Poland, and the reported incidence remains one of the lowest in the entire EU. The most affected demographic group is men aged 65 and older. Improving the early diagnosis of Legionnaires\u2019 disease in healthcare settings remains a priority.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>CEL PRACY.<\/strong> Celem niniejszej pracy jest ocena sytuacji epidemiologicznej legionelozy w Polsce w latach 2018-2021 w por\u00f3wnaniu z latami poprzednimi, z uwzgl\u0119dnieniem wp\u0142ywu pandemii COVID-19 w latach 2020-2021.<br \/> <strong>MATERIA\u0141 I METODY.<\/strong> Ocen\u0119 przeprowadzono w oparciu o analiz\u0119 danych z krajowego nadzoru epidemiologicznego opublikowanych w biuletynach rocznych: \u201eChoroby zaka\u017ane i zatrucia w Polsce\u201d z lat 2013-2021 oraz danych pochodz\u0105cych z raport\u00f3w jednostkowych o przypadkach choroby legionist\u00f3w, zebranych i przes\u0142anych do Zak\u0142adu Epidemiologii Chor\u00f3b Zaka\u017anych i Nadzoru NIZP PZH \u2013 PIB przez stacje sanitarno-epidemiologiczne lub zamieszczonych w EpiBazie.<br \/> <strong>WYNIKI.<\/strong> W Polsce rejestrowane s\u0105 zar\u00f3wno przypadki choroby legionist\u00f3w (ostra posta\u0107 zaka\u017cenia przebiegaj\u0105ca z zapaleniem p\u0142uc), jak i gor\u0105czki Pontiac (\u0142agodna, grypopodobna posta\u0107 zaka\u017cenia). W latach 2018- 2021 zarejestrowano og\u00f3\u0142em 255 przypadk\u00f3w legionelozy, w tym 236 zachorowa\u0144 na chorob\u0119 legionist\u00f3w i 19 przypadk\u00f3w gor\u0105czki Pontiac. W ka\u017cdym roku odnotowano wzrost liczby zg\u0142osze\u0144 w por\u00f3wnaniu do rocznej mediany liczby przypadk\u00f3w z lat 2013-2017. Zanotowana w 2019 roku zapadalno\u015b\u0107 (0,23 na 100 000 ludno\u015bci) by\u0142a najwy\u017csz\u0105 od pocz\u0105tku rejestracji przypadk\u00f3w legionelozy w Polsce. Uleg\u0142a ona ponownemu obni\u017ceniu w latach pandemii COVID-19. Zachorowania wyst\u0105pi\u0142y na obszarze ca\u0142ego kraju, ale najwy\u017csz\u0105 zg\u0142aszalno\u015b\u0107 obserwowano w zachodnim pasie wojew\u00f3dztw. Najwi\u0119cej, ponad 20% wszystkich przypadk\u00f3w zg\u0142osi\u0142o wojew\u00f3dztwo pomorskie. Mediana zapadalno\u015bci na chorob\u0119 legionist\u00f3w m\u0119\u017cczyzn (0,23 na 100 000) by\u0142a ponad 2-krotnie wy\u017csza od zapadalno\u015bci kobiet (0,10), przy czym najwy\u017csz\u0105 median\u0119 zapadalno\u015bci (0,58) zanotowano u m\u0119\u017cczyzn w wieku 65 lat lub starszych. Wszystkie rodzime przypadki choroby legionist\u00f3w mia\u0142y charakter sporadyczny, wszyscy chorzy opr\u00f3cz trzech byli hospitalizowani. Wed\u0142ug danych Pa\u0144stwowej Inspekcji Sanitarnej w przebiegu choroby legionist\u00f3w wyst\u0105pi\u0142o 26 zgon\u00f3w (\u015bmiertelno\u015b\u0107 = 11%). Dwadzie\u015bcia cztery przypadki wi\u0105zano ze ska\u017ceniem sieci wodnej w o\u015brodkach opieki zdrowotnej, a 21 zachorowa\u0144 \u0142\u0105czono z podr\u00f3\u017cami za granic\u0119. PODSUMOWANIE I WNIOSKI. Chocia\u017c w ostatnich latach liczba zg\u0142osze\u0144 wzros\u0142a, choroba legionist\u00f3w jest wci\u0105\u017c rzadko rozpoznawanym zaka\u017ceniem uk\u0142adu oddechowego w Polsce, a odnotowana zapadalno\u015b\u0107 pozostaje jedn\u0105 z ni\u017cszych w ca\u0142ej UE. Najbardziej nara\u017con\u0105 grup\u0105 demograficzn\u0105 s\u0105 m\u0119\u017cczy\u017ani w wieku 65 lat i starsi. Priorytetem pozostaje poprawa wczesnej diagnostyki choroby legionist\u00f3w w plac\u00f3wkach opieki zdrowotnej.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/p><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.32394\/pe.77.23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,11]],"date-time":"2023-10-11T08:05:32Z","timestamp":1697011532000},"page":"241-250","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Legionellosis in Poland in 2018-2021"],"prefix":"10.32394","volume":"77","author":[{"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"Czerwi\u0144ski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ewelina","family":"Ksi\u0119\u017cak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Piekarska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"17323","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]]},"container-title":["Przeglad Epidemiologiczny"],"original-title":["Legioneloza w Polsce w latach 2018-2021"],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.przeglepidemiol.pzh.gov.pl\/pdf-181117-101678","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.przeglepidemiol.pzh.gov.pl\/pdf-181117-101678","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,8]],"date-time":"2024-03-08T08:43:07Z","timestamp":1709887387000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.przeglepidemiol.pzh.gov.pl\/Legionellosis-in-Poland-in-2018-2021,181117,0,2.html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}},"alternative-id":["181117"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32394\/pe.77.23","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-2100","2545-1898"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-2100","type":"print"},{"value":"2545-1898","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]]}}}