{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T08:03:51Z","timestamp":1790841831402,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"National Institute of Public Health NIH (National Research Institute)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig"],"abstract":"<p><strong>ABSTRACT<\/strong><br \/>According to the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), food is the main source of nickel intake by the general\u00a0population. Based on the risk assessment, EFSA determined the tolerable daily intake of this element (TDI) from all sources\u00a0at the level of 2.8 \u03bcg\/kg body weight, which is for an adult 196 \u03bcg, while for a child 56 \u03bcg. The Benchmark Dose Lower\u00a0Confidence Limit (BMDL10) associated with dermatitis at 1.1 \u03bcg\/kg body weight was also determined as well as the Margin\u00a0of Exposure (MOE). Nickel intake in the Member States varies and depends on consumption habits. CONTAM Panel\u00a0of EFSA considered the unlikely possibility of developing cancers related to the intake of nickel with food. According\u00a0to experts, other harmful effects on the human body are more often identified. An additional aspect requiring further\u00a0investigations that will allow an actual estimation of exposure associated with intake of this element by various groups\u00a0of population is the issue of nickel absorption in the human body. The review of the EFSA opinion on the request of the\u00a0European Commission planned in the near future based on the collected data as part of the action of the Commission\u00a0Recommendation (EU) 2016\/1111 on monitoring the presence of nickel in food will contribute to taking appropriate actions\u00a0related to consumer protection, including the most vulnerable groups of population.<\/p>\n<p><strong>STRESZCZENIE<\/strong><br \/>Wed\u0142ug Europejskiego Urz\u0119du ds. Bezpiecze\u0144stwa \u017bywno\u015bci (EFSA), g\u0142\u00f3wnym \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142em pobrania niklu przez populacj\u0119\u00a0generaln\u0105 jest \u017cywno\u015b\u0107. Na podstawie dokonanej oceny ryzyka EFSA wyznaczy\u0142 warto\u015b\u0107 tolerowanego dziennego pobrania\u00a0tego pierwiastka (Tolerable Daily Intake TDI) ze wszystkich \u017ar\u00f3de\u0142 na poziomie 2,8 \u03bcg\/kg masy cia\u0142a, co stanowi dla osoby\u00a0doros\u0142ej 196 \u03bcg, natomiast dla dziecka 56 \u03bcg. Okre\u015blono r\u00f3wnie\u017c najni\u017csz\u0105 dawk\u0119 wyznaczaj\u0105c\u0105 (Benchmark Dose Lower\u00a0Confidence Limit) \u2013 BMDL10 zwi\u0105zan\u0105 z wyst\u0119powaniem zapale\u0144 sk\u00f3rnych na poziomie - 1,1 \u03bcg\/kg masy cia\u0142a oraz\u00a0wyznaczono warto\u015b\u0107 marginesu nara\u017cenia (Margin of Exposure \u2013 MOE). Pobranie niklu w pa\u0144stwach cz\u0142onkowskich jest\u00a0zr\u00f3\u017cnicowane i zale\u017cne od nawyk\u00f3w \u017cywieniowych. Panel CONTAM EFSA uzna\u0142 za ma\u0142o prawdopodobn\u0105 mo\u017cliwo\u015b\u0107\u00a0powstawania nowotwor\u00f3w zwi\u0105zanych z pobraniem niklu z \u017cywno\u015bci\u0105. Zdaniem ekspert\u00f3w znacznie cz\u0119\u015bciej identyfikowane\u00a0s\u0105 inne efekty szkodliwe na organizm cz\u0142owieka. Dodatkowym aspektem wymagaj\u0105cym dalszych bada\u0144, kt\u00f3ry pozwoli\u00a0na rzeczywiste oszacowanie nara\u017cenia zwi\u0105zanego z pobraniem tego pierwiastka przez r\u00f3\u017cne grupy populacji, jest kwestia\u00a0wch\u0142aniania niklu w organizmie cz\u0142owieka. Planowana w najbli\u017cszym czasie na wniosek Komisji Europejskiej rewizja\u00a0opinii EFSA, w oparciu o zgromadzone dane w ramach zalecenia Komisji (UE) nr 2016\/1111 w sprawie monitorowania\u00a0obecno\u015bci niklu w \u017cywno\u015bci, przyczyni si\u0119 do podj\u0119cia odpowiednich dzia\u0142a\u0144 zwi\u0105zanych z ochron\u0105 konsument\u00f3w, w tym\u00a0najbardziej wra\u017cliwych grup populacji.<\/p><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.32394\/rpzh.2019.0090","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,21]],"date-time":"2020-01-21T07:13:29Z","timestamp":1579590809000},"page":"393-399","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Food as a source of exposure to nickel"],"prefix":"10.32394","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Monika","family":"Mania","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"Rebeniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacek","family":"Postupolski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"17323","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,31]]},"container-title":["Roczniki Pa\u0144stwowego Zak\u0142adu Higieny"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/roczniki.pzh.gov.pl\/pdf-182586-103082","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/roczniki.pzh.gov.pl\/pdf-182586-103082","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T11:11:38Z","timestamp":1768475498000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/roczniki.pzh.gov.pl\/Food-as-a-source-of-exposure-to-nickel,182586,0,2.html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,31]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019]]}},"alternative-id":["182586"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32394\/rpzh.2019.0090","relation":{},"ISSN":["0035-7715","2451-2311"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0035-7715","type":"print"},{"value":"2451-2311","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,31]]}}}