{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T04:47:23Z","timestamp":1768538843187,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"National Institute of Public Health NIH (National Research Institute)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig"],"abstract":"<p><strong>ABSTRACT<\/strong><br \/><strong>Background.<\/strong> Breastfeeding is the most common way of feeding infants. Human milk contains nutrients which are\u00a0necessary to provide proper growth of a child. Nowadays there aren't any recommendations to follow elimination diet in\u00a0order to decrease the risk of allergy or baby colic. Only the occurrence of health problems such as lactose intolerance or\u00a0cow's milk protein allergy in breastfeeding mother or infant should be a reason for eliminating dairy products from diet.\u00a0<br \/>It seems to be important to explore the reasons and the frequency of following milk-free diet by breastfeeding women.<br \/><strong>Objectives.<\/strong> The main purpose of the study was to find the reasons for following milk-free diet by breastfeeding women\u00a0and making an assessment of their nutrition knowledge and food habits.<br \/><strong>Material and methods.<\/strong> Thirty-three breastfeeding women following milk-free diet took part in the project. The women\u00a0were interviewed by the Computer Assisted Web Interview (CAWI) method with an original questionnaire. The results\u00a0were developed with Spearman's rank correlation, Chi2 test and the gamma coefficient. The statistical significance level\u00a0for the p-value was <0.05.\u00a0<br \/><strong>Results.<\/strong> The main reason for following milk-free diet by the breastfeeding women was the occurrence of hypersensitivity\u00a0reactions of the children's gastrointestinal system after consuming milk by mother (72% responses). After excluding\u00a0milk from diet only 42% respondents declared consuming new food products or dietary supplements in order to refill the\u00a0potential deficiency of nutrients. The majority of respondents also eliminated from diet highly processed food products,\u00a0fast-food and the carbonated drinks. The most often declared source of information about lactation was Internet (85%).\u00a0<br \/>Only 12% respondents asked a nutritionist in order to get the information about breastfeeding.<br \/><strong>Conclusions.<\/strong> It's necessary to promote a specific nutritional advice about following milk-free diet in breastfeeding women\u00a0group in order to decrease the health risk connected with low calcium diet.<\/p>\n<p><strong>STRESZCZENIE<\/strong><br \/><strong>Wprowadzenie.<\/strong> Karmienie piersi\u0105 jest najkorzystniejszym modelem \u017cywienia niemowl\u0105t. Mleko matki dostarcza niezb\u0119dnych\u00a0sk\u0142adnik\u00f3w od\u017cywczych potrzebnych do prawid\u0142owego wzrostu i rozwoju niemowl\u0119cia. Obecnie nie zaleca si\u0119\u00a0profilaktycznego stosowania diet eliminacyjnych w celu zmniejszenia ryzyka wyst\u0105pienia objaw\u00f3w alergii b\u0105d\u017a kolki\u00a0niemowl\u0119cej u dziecka. Celowym wydaje si\u0119 zbadanie powszechno\u015bci i przyczyn stosowania diety bezmlecznej w\u015br\u00f3d\u00a0kobiet karmi\u0105cych piersi\u0105.<br \/><strong>Cel.<\/strong> Celem pracy by\u0142a analiza przyczyn stosowania diety bezmlecznej w\u015br\u00f3d kobiet karmi\u0105cych piersi\u0105 oraz ocena \u015bwiadomo\u015bci\u00a0\u017cywieniowej i wybranych zachowa\u0144 \u017cywieniowych w kontek\u015bcie stosowania diety eliminacyjnej.<br \/><strong>Materia\u0142 i metody.<\/strong> Badaniem ankietowym obj\u0119to 33 kobiety karmi\u0105ce piersi\u0105, stosuj\u0105ce diet\u0119 eliminacyjn\u0105. Ankieta\u00a0zosta\u0142a przeprowadzona internetow\u0105 metod\u0105 CAWI (Computer Assisted Web Interview) za pomoc\u0105 autorskiego kwestionariusza.\u00a0Do opracowania wynik\u00f3w wykorzystano korelacj\u0119 rang Spearmana, test Chi2 oraz statystyk\u0119 gamma. Za\u00a0poziom istotno\u015bci przyj\u0119to p<0,05.<br \/><strong>Wyniki.<\/strong> G\u0142\u00f3wn\u0105 przyczyn\u0105 stosowania diety bezmlecznej w\u015br\u00f3d ankietowanych by\u0142o wyst\u0119powanie reakcji nadwra\u017cliwo\u015bci\u00a0ze strony przewodu pokarmowego dziecka po spo\u017cyciu mleka przez matk\u0119 (72% respondentek). Po wykluczeniu\u00a0mleka z diety jedynie 42% kobiet zadeklarowa\u0142o wprowadzenie produkt\u00f3w substytucyjnych lub suplement\u00f3w do diety\u00a0w celu uzupe\u0142nienia potencjalnych niedobor\u00f3w sk\u0142adnik\u00f3w od\u017cywczych. Wi\u0119kszo\u015b\u0107 ankietowanych z jad\u0142ospisu wykluczy\u0142a\u00a0produkty wysoko przetworzone, np. s\u0142one przek\u0105ski, s\u0142odycze, \u017cywno\u015b\u0107 typu fast food i napoje gazowane. Najcz\u0119\u015bciej\u00a0deklarowanym \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142em informacji o karmieniu piersi\u0105 by\u0142 Internet (85%). Jedynie 12% ankietowanych w celu\u00a0uzyskania informacji dotycz\u0105cych laktacji korzysta\u0142o z pomocy dietetyka.<br \/><strong>Wnioski.<\/strong> Istnieje konieczno\u015b\u0107 edukacji \u017cywieniowej dotycz\u0105cej stosowania diety bezmlecznej w grupie kobiet karmi\u0105cych\u00a0piersi\u0105 w celu zapobiegania ryzyka zwi\u0105zanego ze zmniejszon\u0105 poda\u017c\u0105 wapnia w diecie.<\/p><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.32394\/rpzh.2020.0118","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,12]],"date-time":"2020-06-12T08:59:30Z","timestamp":1591952370000},"page":"181-189","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Milk-free diet followed by breastfeeding women"],"prefix":"10.32394","volume":"71","author":[{"given":"Paulina","family":"Januszko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ewa","family":"Lange","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"17323","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,30]]},"container-title":["Roczniki Pa\u0144stwowego Zak\u0142adu Higieny"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/roczniki.pzh.gov.pl\/pdf-182611-103107","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/roczniki.pzh.gov.pl\/pdf-182611-103107","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T11:10:07Z","timestamp":1768475407000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/roczniki.pzh.gov.pl\/Milk-free-diet-followed-by-breastfeeding-women,182611,0,2.html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,30]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]}},"alternative-id":["182611"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32394\/rpzh.2020.0118","relation":{},"ISSN":["0035-7715","2451-2311"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0035-7715","type":"print"},{"value":"2451-2311","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,30]]}}}