{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T15:08:29Z","timestamp":1780585709299,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"National Institute of Public Health NIH (National Research Institute)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig"],"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ABSTRACT&lt;\/strong&gt;&lt;br \/&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background.&lt;\/strong&gt; Organophosphate and carbamate pesticides are widely used, and their adverse health effects remain\u00a0a serious problem.&lt;br \/&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives.&lt;\/strong&gt; This investigation aimed to describe risk factors, erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition, and\u00a0self-reported symptoms and to derive an association between influence factors and erythrocyte AChE inhibition among\u00a0farmers in Thailand.&lt;br \/&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods.&lt;\/strong&gt; A cross-sectional study was conducted on 71 farmers from August to October 2022. General characteristics\u00a0and pesticide exposure factors were elicited via a questionnaire-based interview. The erythrocyte AChE inhibition\u00a0was assessed using the EQM Test-mate Cholinesterase (Model 400) instrument. Data were presented descriptively and\u00a0analyzed statistically using Chi-square and binary logistic regression.&lt;br \/&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results.&lt;\/strong&gt; Most farmers were over 50 years old and had an abnormal body mass index (BMI) without alcohol consumption\u00a0and smoking. Aprons (18.31%) and protective eyewear (12.68%) as personal protective equipment (PPE) were found to be\u00a0used less often. The level of hemoglobin-adjusted erythrocyte AChE (Q) was considered normal when it was 59.15% and\u00a0abnormal when it was 40.85%. Self-reported symptoms were confirmed to be associated with lower erythrocyte AChE\u00a0levels. The Chi-square analysis showed that shortness of breath, irritation, headache, dizziness, sleep fragmentation,\u00a0and memory problems were significantly associated with erythrocyte AChE (p &lt; 0.05). The bivariate analysis revealed\u00a0that farmers who consumed alcohol while using pesticides (mixing, loading, and spraying) (OR=35.821, 95% CI=4.591\u2013279.490), who did not wear a mask while using pesticides (OR=11.898, 95% CI=1.061\u2013133.440), and who did not wear\u00a0boots while using pesticides (OR=0.166, 95% CI=0.031\u20130.890) had an increased likelihood of having a severe inhibition\u00a0of erythrocyte AChE.&lt;br \/&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions.&lt;\/strong&gt; These findings suggest that the promotion of risk prevention practices must be imposed on appropriate\u00a0pesticide handling and PPE use among farmers.&lt;\/p&gt;<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.32394\/rpzh.2023.0249","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,3]],"date-time":"2023-04-03T08:58:08Z","timestamp":1680512288000},"page":"113-120","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Risk factors, erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase inhibition, and self-reported symptoms of pesticide intoxication among farmers in Thailand: A cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.32394","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Ekarat","family":"Sombatsawat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wattasit","family":"Siriwong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sitthichok","family":"Puangthongthub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"17323","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,31]]},"container-title":["Roczniki Pa\u0144stwowego Zak\u0142adu Higieny"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/roczniki.pzh.gov.pl\/pdf-182756-103252","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/roczniki.pzh.gov.pl\/pdf-182756-103252","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T10:58:22Z","timestamp":1768474702000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/roczniki.pzh.gov.pl\/Risk-factors-erythrocyte-acetylcholinesterase-inhibition-and-self-reported-symptoms,182756,0,2.html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,31]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}},"alternative-id":["182756"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32394\/rpzh.2023.0249","relation":{},"ISSN":["0035-7715","2451-2311"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0035-7715","type":"print"},{"value":"2451-2311","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,31]]}}}