{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T13:06:58Z","timestamp":1791896818368,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Negah Scientific Publisher","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["www.niscpub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BCN"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is one of the most common anxiety disorders that has significant adverse effects on social functioning, occupational\/academic performance, and daily living. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Quantitative Electroencephalography (QEEG)-based Neurofeedback (NFB) therapy on anxiety, depression, and emotion regulation of people with GAD. Methods: This research is a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test\/post-test\/follow-up design and a control group. The study participants were 29 college students with GAD living in Zanjan City, Iran, who were selected using a convenience sampling method. Then, they were randomly divided into two groups of intervention (n=15) and control (n=14). The protocol of NFB therapy was designed based on the QEEG method. The intervention group received QEEG-based NFB therapy for 8 weeks (20 sessions, 2 sessions per week, each session for 45 min), while the control group received no intervention. The samples were surveyed and measured by using a 7-item GAD scale, Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), 21-item Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS), and Structured Clinical Interview for DSM (SCID) before and after the intervention and then at a 3-month follow-up. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS software V. 22 using univariate ANCOVA and repeated measures ANOVA. Results: The within-subjects effect of time (pre-test, post-test, and follow-up) was statistically significant (P=0.031). The intervention group showed significant changes in the post-test and follow-up phases in comparison with the control group. The anxiety and depression levels of patients reduced significantly (P=0.001), and their emotion regulation improved (P=0.001) after the intervention, and they remained unchanged in the follow-up period. Conclusion: QEEG-based NFB therapy can reduce anxiety and depression and improve emotion regulation in patients with GAD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.32598\/bcn.12.2.2378.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,25]],"date-time":"2021-05-25T09:52:47Z","timestamp":1621936367000},"page":"281-290","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32598\/nsp.crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["The Effect of Quantitative Electroencephalography-Based Neurofeedback Therapy on Anxiety, Depression, and Emotion Regulation in People with Generalized Anxiety Disorder"],"prefix":"10.32598","volume":"12","author":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hassan","family":"Abdian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mazaher","family":"Rezaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zakaria","family":"Eskandari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology and Addiction Studies, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shokoufeh","family":"Ramezani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Humanity, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reza","family":"Pirzeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Department of Pschiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohsen","family":"Dadashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"17540","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]]},"container-title":["Basic and Clinical Neuroscience Journal"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/bcn.iums.ac.ir\/article-1-1742-en.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,25]],"date-time":"2021-05-25T09:52:52Z","timestamp":1621936372000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/bcn.iums.ac.ir\/article-1-1742-en.html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32598\/bcn.12.2.2378.1","relation":{},"ISSN":["2228-7442","2008-126X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2228-7442","type":"print"},{"value":"2008-126X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]]}}}