{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,8]],"date-time":"2026-02-08T15:26:34Z","timestamp":1770564394195,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Negah Scientific Publisher","content-domain":{"domain":["www.niscpub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BCN"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: The death of neurons and cerebral edema are the main consequences of stroke. However, inflammatory processes play key roles in aggravating cerebral damage following a stroke. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Viola odorata extract (VOE) on the infarct volume (IV), neurologic deficits (ND), and the expression of NF-\u03baB and VCAM-1 in the Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion (MCAO) model. Methods: The animals were randomly separated into 6 groups: (1) control group, (2) vehicle-treated group, (3) MCAO group, (4) VOE25 group, (5) VOE50 group, and (6) VOE75 group (n= 12). VOE (25, 50, and 75 mg\/kg) and distilled water were administered daily for 30 days. Two hours after the last gavage, the rats were exposed to MCAO for 60 minutes. Twenty-four hours later, IV, ND, and NF-\u03baB\/VCAM-1 expressions were evaluated. Results: Viola odorata extract exhibited excellent neuroprotective effects by reducing IV (mainly in the core and subcortex areas), and induced downregulation of NF-\u03baB and VCAM-1 expression. Conclusion: Viola odorata could also activate intracellular pathways, reducing the expression of NF-\u03baB and VCAM-1. It is useful for developing a novel medical herb for treating cerebral ischemia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.32598\/bcn.12.6.2061.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,28]],"date-time":"2021-06-28T07:20:44Z","timestamp":1624864844000},"page":"357-372","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32598\/nsp.crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Attenuating NF-\u03baB\/VCAM-1 Expression in the Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Model by Viola Odorata: Protection Against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats"],"prefix":"10.32598","author":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kiana","family":"Karimifar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiva","family":"Alipanah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ava","family":"Solatani Hekmat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Reza","family":"Bigdeli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"17540","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]]},"container-title":["Basic and Clinical Neuroscience Journal"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/bcn.iums.ac.ir\/article-1-1609-en.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,31]],"date-time":"2022-07-31T09:59:26Z","timestamp":1659261566000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bcn.iums.ac.ir\/article-1-1609-en.html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32598\/bcn.12.6.2061.1","relation":{},"ISSN":["2228-7442","2008-126X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2228-7442","type":"print"},{"value":"2008-126X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]]}}}