{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T22:31:46Z","timestamp":1788647506179,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Negah Scientific Publisher","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["www.niscpub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BCN"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: About 30% of patients with epilepsy do not respond to anti-epileptic drugs, leading to refractory seizures. The pathogenesis of drug-resistance in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) is not completely understood. Increased activity of drug-efflux transporters might be involved, resulting in subclinical concentrations of the drug at the target site. The major drug-efflux transporters are permeability glycoprotein (P-gp) and multidrug-resistance associated protein-1 (MRP-1). The major drawback so far is the expressional analysis of transporters in equal numbers of drug-resistant epileptic tissue and age-matched non-epileptic tissue. Methods: We have studied P-gp and MRP-1 drug-efflux transporters in the sclerotic hippocampal tissues resected from the epilepsy surgery patients (n=15) and compared their expression profile with the tissues resected from non-epileptic autopsy cases (n=15). Results: Statistically significant over expression of both P-gp (P&lt;0.0001) and MRP-1 (P=0.01) at gene and protein levels were found in the MTLE cases. The fold change of P-gp was more pronounced than MRP-1. Immunohistochemistry of the patient group showed increased immunoreactivity of P-gp at blood-brain barrier and increased reactivity of MRP-1 in the parenchyma. The results were confirmed by confocal immunofluorescence microscopy. Conclusion: Our results suggested that P-gp in association with MRP-1 might be responsible for the multi-drug resistance in epilepsy. P-gp and MRP-1 could be important determinants of bio availability and tissue distribution of anti-epileptic drugs in the brain which can pharmacologically inhibited to achieve optimal drug penetration to target site.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.32598\/bcn.2021.2554.3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,31]],"date-time":"2021-10-31T12:11:00Z","timestamp":1635682260000},"page":"615-630","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32598\/nsp.crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Expressional Study of Permeability Glycoprotein and Multidrug Resistance Protein 1 in Drug-resistant Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy"],"prefix":"10.32598","volume":"14","author":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mandeep","family":"Kaur","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tulika","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mili","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Singh Judge Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Navneet","family":"Singla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parampreet S","family":"Kharbanda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yogender","family":"Singh Bansal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Department of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daisy","family":"Sahni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bishan","family":"Das Radotra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Department of Histopathology, Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunil","family":"Kumar Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"17540","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]]},"container-title":["Basic and Clinical Neuroscience Journal"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/bcn.iums.ac.ir\/article-1-2207-en.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,4]],"date-time":"2023-12-04T13:49:23Z","timestamp":1701697763000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bcn.iums.ac.ir\/article-1-2207-en.html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32598\/bcn.2021.2554.3","relation":{},"ISSN":["2228-7442","2008-126X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2228-7442","type":"print"},{"value":"2008-126X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]]}}}