{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T13:44:00Z","timestamp":1773841440298,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Tech Science Press","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,29]],"date-time":"2024-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735430400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":363,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32604\/TSP-CROSSMARKPOLICY"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CMC"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.32604\/cmc.2024.056367","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]],"date-time":"2024-12-12T02:31:09Z","timestamp":1733970669000},"page":"4397-4417","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32604\/tsp-crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Dual-Modal Drowsiness Detection to Enhance Driver Safety"],"prefix":"10.32604","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Yi Xuan","family":"Chew","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Siti Fatimah Abdul","family":"Razak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Sumendra","family":"Yogarayan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Sharifah Noor Masidayu","family":"Sayed Ismail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"17807","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-024-19738-z","article-title":"Advanced detection techniques for driver drowsiness: A comprehensive review of machine learning, deep learning, and physiological approaches","author":"Kamboj","year":"2024","journal-title":"Multimed. Tools Appl."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/su12073037","article-title":"Implementation of detection system for drowsy driving prevention using image recognition and IoT","volume":"12","author":"Jang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"ref3","article-title":"Prevalence of drowsy driving and modeling its intention: An Indonesian case study","volume":"19","author":"Rahmadiyani","year":"May 2023","journal-title":"Transp. Res. Interdiscip. Perspect."},{"key":"ref4","article-title":"Driver fatigue detection via differential evolution extreme learning machine technique","volume":"9","author":"Chen","year":"Nov. 2020","journal-title":"Electronics"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/s21186296","article-title":"Deep learning methods for remote heart rate measurement: A review and future research agenda","volume":"21","author":"Cheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3591109","article-title":"A framework and toolkit for testing the correctness of recommendation algorithms","volume":"2","author":"Michiels","year":"Mar. 2024","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Recommender Syst."},{"key":"ref7","series-title":"Proc. 2022 IEEE\/CVF Conf. Comput. Vis. Pattern Recognit. (CVPR)","first-page":"4135","article-title":"Simulated adversarial testing of face recognition models","author":"Ruiz","year":"Jun. 18\u201324, 2022"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"1599","article-title":"Applications of Internet of Things for monitoring drivers- a comprehensive study","volume":"25","author":"Yogarayan","year":"Mar. 2022","journal-title":"Indones. J. Electr. Eng. Comput. Sci."},{"key":"ref9","article-title":"Modern drowsiness detection techniques: A review","volume":"12","author":"Jasim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Electr. Comput. Eng."},{"key":"ref10","first-page":"1176","article-title":"Driver-centered pervasive application for heart rate measurement","volume":"14","author":"Razak","year":"Feb. 2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Electr. Comput. Eng."},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/s21072372","article-title":"Ensemble CNN to detect drowsy driving with in-vehicle sensor data","volume":"21","author":"Jeon","year":"Mar. 2021","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1515\/cdbme-2017-0102","article-title":"Heart rate from face videos under realistic conditions for advanced driver monitoring","volume":"3","author":"Pilz","year":"Sep. 2017","journal-title":"Curr. Dir. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"ref13","series-title":"Proc. 12th Int. Conf. Automot. User Interfaces Interact. Veh. Appl.","first-page":"21","article-title":"Face2Multi-modal: In-vehicle multi-modal predictors via facial expressions","author":"Huang","year":"Sep. 21\u201322, 2020"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61904","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2914373","article-title":"A survey on state-of-the-art drowsiness detection techniques","volume":"7","author":"Ramzan","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref15","series-title":"Proc. 2021 1st Babylon Int. Conf. Inform. Technol. Sci. (BICITS)","first-page":"28","article-title":"Driver drowsiness detection techniques: A survey","author":"Hussein","year":"Apr. 28\u201329, 2021"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41557","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2024.3377235","article-title":"CVGG-19: Customized visual geometry group deep learning architecture for facial emotion recognition","volume":"12","author":"Kim","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref17","article-title":"Physiological-based driver monitoring systems: A scoping review","author":"Razak","year":"Dec. 01, 2022","journal-title":"Salehan Inst. Higher Educ."},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11699","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2021.3131742","article-title":"Toward nonintrusive camera-based heart rate variability estimation in the car under naturalistic condition","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"Jul. 2022","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J."},{"key":"ref19","article-title":"Design of smart steering wheel for unobtrusive health and drowsiness monitoring","volume":"21","author":"Babusiak","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2021.106535","article-title":"Drowsiness detection using portable wireless EEG","volume":"214","author":"S. Gangadharan","year":"Feb. 2022","journal-title":"Comput. Methods Programs Biomed."},{"key":"ref21","article-title":"Driver drowsiness detection using r-r interval of electrocardiogram and self-attention autoencoder","author":"Fujiwara","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Intell. Veh."},{"key":"ref22","series-title":"Proc. 2019 IEEE Eurasia Conf. Biomed. Eng., Healthc. Sustain. (ECBIOS)","first-page":"15","article-title":"Automatic monitoring of driver\u2019s physiological parameters based on microarray camera","author":"Zou","year":"May 2019"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2016.2609282","article-title":"Algorithmic principles of remote PPG","volume":"64","author":"Wang","year":"Jul. 2017","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/informatics9030057","article-title":"Intelligent remote photoplethysmography-based methods for heart rate estimation from face videos: A survey","volume":"9","author":"Premkumar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Informatics"},{"key":"ref25","series-title":"Proc. 2021 IEEE Symp. Ind. Electr. Appl. (ISIEA)","first-page":"1","article-title":"Facial video based heart rate estimation for physical exercise","author":"Suriani","year":"Jul. 2021"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5708","DOI":"10.35940\/ijrte.B2494.098319","article-title":"Driver\u2019s drowsiness detection based on behavioural changes using ResNet","volume":"8","author":"Jeyasekar","year":"Sep. 2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Recent Technol. Eng. (IJRTE)"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-04987-3_20","article-title":"Face2Statistics: User-friendly, low-cost and effective alternative to in-vehicle sensors\/monitors for drivers","volume":"13335","author":"Xiong","year":"2022","journal-title":"HCI in Mobility, Transport, and Automotive Systems"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1007\/s13246-020-00853-8","article-title":"Detection and analysis: Driver state with electrocardiogram (ECG)","volume":"43","author":"Murugan","year":"Jun. 2020","journal-title":"Phys. Eng. Sci. Med."},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11896","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.2964794","article-title":"Non-contact emotion recognition combining heart rate and facial expression for interactive gaming environments","volume":"8","author":"Du","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref30","article-title":"How are drivers\u2019 stress levels and emotions associated with the driving context? A naturalistic study","volume":"31","author":"Tavakoli","year":"Jul. 2023","journal-title":"J. Transp. Health"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engappai.2022.105759","article-title":"Dumodds: Dual modeling approach for drowsiness detection based on spatial and spatio-temporal features","volume":"119","author":"Pandey","year":"Mar. 2023","journal-title":"Eng. Appl. Artif. Intell."},{"key":"ref32","unstructured":"D. Perumandla, \u201cDrowsiness dataset,\u201d  Accessed: Jul. 15, 2024. [Online]. Available: https:\/\/www.kaggle.com\/datasets\/dheerajperumandla\/drowsiness-dataset\/data"}],"container-title":["Computers, Materials & Continua"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.techscience.com\/cmc\/v81n3\/59029\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T06:04:37Z","timestamp":1741327477000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.techscience.com\/cmc\/v81n3\/59029"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32604\/cmc.2024.056367","relation":{},"ISSN":["1546-2226"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1546-2226","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-07-21","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-10-10","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-12-19","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published Online","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}