{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T16:47:04Z","timestamp":1773247624599,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Tech Science Press","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,20]],"date-time":"2024-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729382400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":293,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32604\/TSP-CROSSMARKPOLICY"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CMC"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.32604\/cmc.2024.056983","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,9]],"date-time":"2024-10-09T07:33:11Z","timestamp":1728459191000},"page":"1835-1854","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32604\/tsp-crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["V2I Physical Layer Security Beamforming with Antenna Hardware Impairments under RIS Assistance"],"prefix":"10.32604","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Zerong","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Tiecheng","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"17807","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"53","article-title":"Survey on VANET security challenges and possible cryptographic solutions","volume":"1","author":"Mejri","year":"2014","journal-title":"Veh. Commun."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1007\/s11235-010-9400-5","article-title":"Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETS): Status, results, and challenges","volume":"50","author":"Zeadally","year":"2012","journal-title":"Telecommun. Syst."},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1109\/MNET.011.1900628","article-title":"Physical layer security in intelligently connected vehicle networks","volume":"34","author":"Luo","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Netw."},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2023.3286120","article-title":"A reliable physical layer key generation scheme based on RSS and LSTM network in VANET","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J."},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1109\/MNET.2018.1700320","article-title":"Secrecy-driven resource management for vehicular computation offloading networks","volume":"32","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Netw."},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11789","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2024.3370196","article-title":"URLLC-awared resource allocation for heterogeneous vehicular edge computing","volume":"73","author":"Wu","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol."},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3163","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2019.2897134","article-title":"Deep reinforcement learning based resource allocation for V2V communications","volume":"68","author":"Ye","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Vehicular Technol."},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10732","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2017.2703780","article-title":"Security provisioning for MISO vehicular relay networks via cooperative jamming and signal super position","volume":"66","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol."},{"key":"ref9","series-title":"Proc. IEEE GLOBECOM","first-page":"1","article-title":"Deep learning based precoding for the MIMO Gaussian wiretap channel","author":"Zhang","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/info15080442","article-title":"Multi-antenna array-based massive MIMO for B5G\/6G: State of the art, challenges, and future research directions","volume":"15","author":"Qamar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Information"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2016.2627219","article-title":"Secrecy capacity analysis of artificial noisy MIMO channels\u2014An approach based on ordered eigenvalues of Wishart matrices","volume":"12","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Inform. Forensic. Secur."},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15253","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2020.3037899","article-title":"Physical layer security enhancement using artificial noise in cellular vehicle-to-everything (C-V2X) networks","volume":"69","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol."},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3607","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2023.3317729","article-title":"Two-stage channel estimation for RIS-aided multiuser mmWave systems with reduced error propagation and pilot overhead","volume":"71","author":"Peng","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Signal Process."},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3328","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2023.3307450","article-title":"Channel estimation by transmitting pilots from reconfigurable intelligent surface","volume":"23","author":"Zhu","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun."},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1735","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2020.3000807","article-title":"Joint active and passive beamforming optimization for intelligent reflecting surface assisted SWIPT under QoS constraints","volume":"38","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun."},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1719","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2020.3000802","article-title":"Intelligent reflecting surface aided MIMO broadcasting for simultaneous wireless information and power transfer","volume":"38","author":"Pan","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun."},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2683","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2020.3007055","article-title":"MIMO transmission through reconfigurable intelligent surface: System design, analysis, and implementation","volume":"38","author":"Tang","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun."},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8600","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2022.3167474","article-title":"RIS-enhanced spectrum sensing: How many reflecting elements are required to achieve a detection probability close to 1?","volume":"21","author":"Ge","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun."},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82599","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2924034","article-title":"Intelligent reflecting surface: A programmable wireless environment for physical layer security","volume":"7","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8519","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2022.3172763","article-title":"Securing intelligent reflecting surface assisted terahertz systems","volume":"71","author":"Qiao","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol."},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1557","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2021.3104856","article-title":"Beamforming and jamming optimization for IRS-aided secure NOMA networks","volume":"21","author":"Wang","year":"Mar. 2022","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun."},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1920","DOI":"10.1109\/TGCN.2023.3280118","article-title":"Physical layer security in IRS-assisted cache-enabled satellite communication networks","volume":"7","author":"Ngo","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Green Commun. Netw."},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.1109\/LWC.2023.3256001","article-title":"Artificial noise and RIS-aided physical layer security: Optimal RIS partitioning and power control","volume":"12","author":"Arzykulov","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Wireless Commun. Lett."},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5137","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2021.3075685","article-title":"QoS-constrained optimization of intelligent reflecting surface aided secure energy-efficient transmission","volume":"70","author":"Kawai","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol."},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2020.3024860","article-title":"Deep reinforcement learning-based intelligent reflecting surface for secure wireless communications","volume":"20","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun."},{"key":"ref26","series-title":"Proc. VTC2020-Spring","first-page":"1","article-title":"Physical layer security in vehicular networks with reconfigurable intelligent surfaces","author":"Makarfi","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9475","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2022.3177130","article-title":"On the performance of partial RIS selection vs. partial relay selection for vehicular communications","volume":"71","author":"Mensi","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol."},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7272","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2021.3088441","article-title":"Secure vehicular communications through reconfigurable intelligent surfaces","volume":"70","author":"Ai","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol."},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7112","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.2014.2354403","article-title":"Massive MIMO systems with non-ideal hardware: Energy efficiency, estimation, and capacity limits","volume":"60","author":"Bj\u00e4rnson","year":"2014","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2022.117163","article-title":"Cellular traffic prediction with machine learning: A survey","volume":"201","author":"Jiang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Expert. Syst. Appl."},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comcom.2021.12.015","article-title":"Graph-based deep learning for communication networks: A survey","volume":"185","author":"Jiang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Comput. Commun."},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4179","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSM.2024.3403842","article-title":"Cooperative edge caching based on elastic federated and multi-agent deep reinforcement learning in next-generation networks","volume":"21","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Netw. Serv. Manag."},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Z. Shao et al., \u201cSemantic-aware spectrum sharing in internet of vehicles based on deep reinforcement learning,\u201d 2024, arXiv:2406.07213.","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2024.3448538"},{"key":"ref34","article-title":"Distributed deep reinforcement learning based gradient quantization for federated learning enabled vehicle edge computing","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J."}],"container-title":["Computers, Materials &amp; Continua"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.techscience.com\/files\/cmc\/2024\/TSP_CMC-81-1\/TSP_CMC_56983\/TSP_CMC_56983.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T03:05:02Z","timestamp":1741316702000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.techscience.com\/cmc\/v81n1\/58374"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32604\/cmc.2024.056983","relation":{},"ISSN":["1546-2226"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1546-2226","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-08-04","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-09-19","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-10-15","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published Online","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}