{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T16:06:43Z","timestamp":1784390803142,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Tech Science Press","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,23]],"date-time":"2025-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740268800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":53,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32604\/TSP-CROSSMARKPOLICY"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CMC"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.32604\/cmc.2024.057192","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,17]],"date-time":"2024-12-17T02:23:26Z","timestamp":1734402206000},"page":"3019-3044","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32604\/tsp-crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Side-Scan Sonar Image Detection of Shipwrecks Based on CSC-YOLO Algorithm"],"prefix":"10.32604","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Shengxi","family":"Jiao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fenghao","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haitao","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"17807","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Development status of marine surveying and mapping technology","volume":"42","author":"Zhao","year":"Sep. 2017","journal-title":"J. Geomat."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1111\/arcm.12663","article-title":"From acoustics to underwater archaeology: Deep investigation of a shallow lake using high-resolution hydroacoustics-The case of Lake Lednica","volume":"63","author":"Janowski","year":"Oct. 2021","journal-title":"Archaeometry"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13091759","article-title":"Archaeologic machine learning for shipwreck detection using lidar and sonar","volume":"13","author":"Character","year":"May 2021","journal-title":"Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.undsp.2023.11.016","article-title":"Novel wreck salvaging method using curved rectangular pipe basing method: A case study of \u201cYangtze River Estuary II\u201d ancient shipwreck salvage project","volume":"18","author":"Zhuang","year":"Oct. 2024","journal-title":"Undergr. Space"},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"34","article-title":"Rescue of inland waterway shipwrecks","volume":"2023","author":"Gu","year":"Nov. 2023","journal-title":"City Disas. Reduct."},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1109\/JOE.2023.3318793","article-title":"A comprehensive buried shipwreck detection method based on 3-D SBP data","volume":"49","author":"Li","year":"Apr. 2024","journal-title":"IEEE J. Oceanic Eng."},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111142","article-title":"Environmental and economic loss analyses of the oil discharge from shipwreck for salvage planning","volume":"155","author":"Lee","year":"Jun. 2020","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"ref8","article-title":"Study on the classification performance of underwater sonar image classification based on convolutional neural networks for detecting a submerged human body","volume":"20","author":"Nguyen","year":"Jan. 2020","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/jmse11040690","article-title":"AUV-based side-scan sonar real-time method for underwater-object detection","volume":"11","author":"Tang","year":"Mar. 2023","journal-title":"J. Mar. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6501\/ad1919","article-title":"Sonar image intelligent processing in seabed pipeline detection: Review and application","volume":"35","author":"Shi","year":"Jan. 2024","journal-title":"Meas. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14184610","article-title":"Artificial reef detection method for multibeam sonar imagery based on convolutional neural networks","volume":"14","author":"Dong","year":"Sep. 2022","journal-title":"Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref12","series-title":"Proc. 2020 Western China Acoustic Acad. Exchange Conf.","first-page":"403","article-title":"A study on seafloor substrate classification based on texture features of side-scan sonar images","author":"Wang","year":"Aug. 20, 2020"},{"key":"ref13","first-page":"1757","article-title":"CFAR detection algorithm for objects in sonar images","volume":"14","author":"Aub","year":"Nov. 2020","journal-title":"IET Radar Sonar Navig."},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R. Girshick, J. Donahue, T. Darrell, and J. Malik, \u201cRich feature hierarchies for accurate object detection and semantic segmentation,\u201d 2014, arXiv:1311.2524.","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2014.81"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S. Ren, K. He, R. Girshick, and J. Sun, \u201cFaster R-CNN: Towards real-time object detection with region proposal networks,\u201d 2016, arXiv:1506.01497.","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2016.2577031"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"N. Carion, F. Massa, and G. Synnaeve, \u201cEnd-to-end object detection with transformers,\u201d 2020, arXiv:2005.12872.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-58452-8_13"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J. Redmon, S. Divvala, and R. Girshick, \u201cYou only look once: Unified, real-time object detection,\u201d 2016, arXiv:1506.02640.","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.91"},{"key":"ref18","series-title":"Proc. 2016 23rd Int. Conf. Pattern Recognit. (ICPR)","article-title":"Underwater object classification in synthetic aperture sonar imagery using deep convolutional neural networks","author":"Williams","year":"Dec. 4\u20138, 2016"},{"key":"ref19","first-page":"118","article-title":"The application of convolutional neural networks for automatic detection of underwater object in side scan sonar images","volume":"37","author":"Kim","year":"Apr. 2018","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Korea"},{"key":"ref20","series-title":"Proc. 2016 IEEE\/OES Autonom Underwater Veh. (AUV)","first-page":"396","article-title":"Convolutional neural network-based real-time ROV detection using forward-looking sonar image","author":"Kim","year":"Nov. 6\u20139, 2016"},{"key":"ref21","article-title":"Sonar image object detection and recognition based on convolution neural network","volume":"2021","author":"Wu","year":"Mar. 2021","journal-title":"Mobile Inf. Syst."},{"key":"ref22","article-title":"Lightweight DETR-YOLO method for detecting shipwreck object in side-scan sonar","volume":"44","author":"Tang","year":"Mar. 2021","journal-title":"Syst. Eng. Electron."},{"key":"ref23","article-title":"Detection of small objects in side-scan sonar images using an enhanced YOLOv7-based approach","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"Nov. 2023","journal-title":"J. Mar. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"ref24","series-title":"Proc. 2022 3rd Int. Conf. Geology, Mapping Remote Sensing (ICGMRS)","first-page":"446","article-title":"Underwater small object detection in side-scan sonar images based on improved YOLOv5","author":"Fu","year":"Apr. 22\u201324, 2022"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S. Woo, J. Park, J. Lee, and I. Kweon, \u201cCBAM: Convolutional block attention module,\u201d 2018, arXiv:1807.06521.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-01234-2_1"},{"key":"ref26","unstructured":"J. Nelson and B. Dwyer, \u201cRoboflow: Give your software the power to see objects in images and video,\u201d 2020. Accessed: Dec. 14, 2023. [Online]. Available: https:\/\/roboflow.com"},{"key":"ref27","unstructured":"T. DeVries and G. W. Taylor, \u201cImproved regularization of convolutional neural networks with cut-out,\u201d 2017, arXiv:1708.04552."},{"key":"ref28","series-title":"Proc. Comput. Vis.-ACCV 2016: 13th Asian Conf. Comput. Vis.","first-page":"214","article-title":"R-CNN for small object detection","author":"Chen","year":"Nov. 20\u201324, 2016"},{"key":"ref29","unstructured":"A. Bochkovskiy, C. Y. Wang, and H. Y. M. Liao, \u201cYOLOv4: Optimal speed and accuracy of object detection,\u201d 2020, arXiv:2004.10934."},{"key":"ref30","unstructured":"G. Jocher, \u201cUltralytics YOLO,\u201d 2023. Accessed: Aug. 21, 2023. [Online]. Available: https:\/\/github.com\/ultralytics\/ultralytics"},{"key":"ref31","unstructured":"T. Wu, S. Tang, and R. Zhang, \u201cCGNet: A light-weight context guided network for semantic segmentation,\u201d 2019, arXiv:1811.08201."},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Y. Wu and K. He, \u201cGroup normalization,\u201d 2018, arXiv:1803.08494.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-01261-8_1"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J. Chen, S. Kao, and H. He, \u201cRun, don\u2019t walk: Chasing higher FLOPS for faster neural networks,\u201d 2023, arXiv:2303.03667.","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52729.2023.01157"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsp.2022.103812","article-title":"A comprehensive review of object detection with deep learning","volume":"132","author":"Kaur","year":"Jan. 2023","journal-title":"Digit. Signal Process."},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J. Redmon and A. Farhadi, \u201cYOLO9000: Better, faster, stronger,\u201d 2016, arXiv:1612.08242.","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2017.690"},{"key":"ref36","first-page":"109","article-title":"Overfitting, model tuning, and evaluation of prediction performance","author":"Montesinos L\u00f3pez","year":"Jan. 2022","journal-title":"Multivar. Statist. Mach. Learn. Methods Genomic Predict."},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Z. Cai and N. Vasconcelos, \u201cCascade R-CNN: Delving into high quality object detection,\u201d 2017, arXiv:1712.00726.","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2018.00644"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C. Feng, Y. Zhong, and Y. Gao, \u201cTOOD: Task-aligned one-stage object detection,\u201d 2021, arXiv:2108.07755.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV48922.2021.00349"},{"key":"ref39","unstructured":"G. Jocher, \u201cYOLOv5 by Ultralytics. 2020,\u201d Accessed: Apr. 11, 2024. [Online]. Available: https:\/\/github.com\/ultralytics\/yolov5"},{"key":"ref40","unstructured":"Z. Ge, S. Liu, F. Wang, Z. Li, and J. Sun, \u201cYOLOX: Exceeding YOLO series in 2021,\u201d 2021, arXiv:2107.0843."},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C. -Y. Wang, I. -H. Yeh, and H. -Y. Liao, \u201cYOLOv9: Learning what you want to learn using programmable gradient information,\u201d 2024, arXiv:2402.13616.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-72751-1_1"},{"key":"ref42","unstructured":"A. Wang, H. Chen, and L. Liu, \u201cYOLOv10: Real-time end-to-end object detection,\u201d 2024, arXiv:2405.14458."},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Y. Zhao, W. Lv, and S. Xu, \u201cDETRs beat YOLOs on real-time object detection,\u201d 2024, arXiv:2304.08069.","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52733.2024.01605"},{"key":"ref44","first-page":"120","article-title":"Multi scale SAR image detection algorithm for ships based on improved YOLOv5","volume":"39","author":"Li","year":"Jan. 2024","journal-title":"J. Data Acquisit. Process."},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8458","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTARS.2021.3104230","article-title":"ShipRSImageNet: A large-scale fine-grained dataset for ship detection in high-resolution optical remote sensing images","volume":"14","author":"Zhang","year":"Aug. 2021","journal-title":"IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Obs. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref46","first-page":"18","article-title":"Side scan sonar image object detection method based on improved YOLOv5 network","volume":"42","author":"Zheng","year":"Jul. 2022","journal-title":"Hydrograp. Survey. Chart."},{"key":"ref47","series-title":"Proc. IEEE Conf. Comput. Vis. Pattern Recognit. (CVPR)","first-page":"1090","article-title":"Adaptive color attributes for real-time visual tracking","author":"Danelljan","year":"Jun. 23, 2014"}],"container-title":["Computers, Materials & Continua"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/cdn.techscience.cn\/files\/cmc\/2025\/TSP_CMC-82-2\/TSP_CMC_57192\/TSP_CMC_57192.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]],"date-time":"2025-11-14T06:08:28Z","timestamp":1763100508000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.techscience.com\/cmc\/v82n2\/59442"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32604\/cmc.2024.057192","relation":{},"ISSN":["1546-2226"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1546-2226","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-08-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-11-21","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-02-17","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published Online","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}