{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T01:11:21Z","timestamp":1763341881452,"version":"3.45.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Tech Science Press","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CMC"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.32604\/cmc.2025.062590","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,24]],"date-time":"2025-03-24T04:20:52Z","timestamp":1742790052000},"page":"2525-2553","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Robust Real-Time Analysis of Cow Behaviors Using Accelerometer Sensors and Decision Trees with Short Data Windows and Misalignment Compensation"],"prefix":"10.32604","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"Duc-Nghia","family":"Tran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Viet-Manh","family":"Do","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Manh-Tuyen","family":"Vi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Duc-Tan","family":"Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"17807","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0302277","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0302277","article-title":"High-precision tracking and positioning for monitoring Holstein cattle","volume":"19","author":"Luo","year":"2024","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biosystemseng.2016.11.003","article-title":"A threshold-based algorithm for the development of inertial sensor-based systems to perform real-time cow step counting in free-stall barns","volume":"153","author":"Arcidiacono","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biosyst Eng"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compag.2017.01.021","article-title":"Development of a threshold-based classifier for real-time recognition of cow feeding and standing behavioral activities from accelerometer data","volume":"134","author":"Arcidiacono","year":"2017","journal-title":"Comput Electron Agric"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2492","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2016-12534","article-title":"Validation of an eartag accelerometer sensor to determine rumination, eating, and activity behaviors of grazing dairy cattle","volume":"101","author":"Pereira","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17515","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2021.3051194","article-title":"An IoT-based design using accelerometers in animal behavior recognition systems","volume":"22","author":"Tran","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Sens J"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9349","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2021.3054718","article-title":"Lameness detection in cows using hierarchical deep learning and synchrosqueezed wavelet transform","volume":"21","author":"Jarchi","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Sens J"},{"key":"ref7","series-title":"Proceedings of the 14th Annual International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications, and Services","article-title":"Poster: a real-time cattle recognition system using wireless multimedia networks","author":"Kumar","year":"2016 Jun 26\u201330"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compag.2013.09.013","article-title":"Estimation of grass intake on pasture for dairy cows using tightly and loosely mounted di- and tri-axial accelerometers combined with bite count","volume":"99","author":"Oudshoorn","year":"2013","journal-title":"Comput Electron Agric"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compag.2014.08.001","article-title":"Localization and identification performances of a real-time system based on ultra-wideband technology for monitoring and tracking dairy cow behavior in a semi-open free-stall barn","volume":"108","author":"Porto","year":"2014","journal-title":"Comput Electron Agric"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0264320","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0264320","article-title":"Locomotion behavior of dairy cows on traditional summer mountain farms in comparison with modern cubicle housing without access to pasture","volume":"17","author":"Alsaaod","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref11","series-title":"IST-Africa Week Conference","article-title":"IoT at the grassroots\u2013exploring the use of sensors for livestock monitoring","author":"Maina","year":"2017 May 30\u2013Jun 2"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"1","article-title":"Classification of behavior in housed dairy cows using an accelerometer-based activity monitoring system","volume":"3","author":"Diosdado","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anim Biotelem"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7739","DOI":"10.3390\/s24237739","article-title":"Evaluation of different sensor systems for classifying the behavior of dairy cows on pasture","volume":"24","author":"Pichlbauer","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref14","series-title":"2015 IEEE SENSORS","first-page":"1","article-title":"A study of sensor-derived features in cattle behaviour classification models","author":"Smith","year":"2015 Nov 1\u20134"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compag.2016.08.009","article-title":"Detecting heat events in dairy cows using accelerometers and unsupervised learning","volume":"128","author":"Shahriar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Comput Electron Agric"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compag.2017.09.015","article-title":"Review of IoT applications in agro-industrial and environmental fields","volume":"142","author":"Talavera","year":"2017","journal-title":"Comput Electron Agric"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2893","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2012-5806","article-title":"Analysis of individual classification of lameness using automatic measurement of back posture in dairy cattle","volume":"96","author":"Viazzi","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compag.2013.11.005","article-title":"Comparison of a three-dimensional and two-dimensional camera system for automated measurement of back posture in dairy cows","volume":"100","author":"Viazzi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Comput Electron Agric"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biosystemseng.2015.02.012","article-title":"The automatic detection of dairy cow feeding and standing behaviours in free-stall barns by a computer vision-based system","volume":"133","author":"Porto","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biosyst Eng"},{"key":"ref20","first-page":"337","article-title":"An AIoT monitoring system for multi-object tracking and alerting","volume":"67","author":"Jung","year":"2021","journal-title":"Comput Mater Contin"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0203546","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0203546","article-title":"Development and validation of an ensemble classifier for real-time recognition of cow behavior patterns from accelerometer data and location data","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1590\/0103-8478cr20180627","article-title":"IoT-based measurement system for classifying cow behavior from tri-axial accelerometer","volume":"49","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cienc Rural"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2760","DOI":"10.3934\/mbe.2020151","article-title":"The new design of cows\u2019 behavior classifier based on acceleration data and proposed feature set","volume":"17","author":"Phung","year":"2020","journal-title":"Math Biosci Eng"},{"key":"ref24","first-page":"479","article-title":"Rumination recognition method of dairy cows based on the change of noseband pressure","volume":"7","author":"Shen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Inf Process Agric"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4050","DOI":"10.3390\/s21124050","article-title":"Classification of cattle behaviours using neck-mounted accelerometer-equipped collars and convolutional neural networks","volume":"21","author":"Pavlovic","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/informatics5020027","article-title":"A comprehensive study of activity recognition using accelerometers","volume":"5","author":"Twomey","year":"2018","journal-title":"Informatics"},{"key":"ref27","series-title":"Proceedings of the 31st IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks","first-page":"607","article-title":"Animal behaviour understanding using wireless sensor networks","author":"Guo","year":"2006 Nov 14\u201316"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105068","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compag.2019.105068","article-title":"Unsupervised automated monitoring of dairy cows\u2019 behavior based on Inertial Measurement Unit attached to their back","volume":"167","author":"Brahim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Comput Electron Agric"},{"key":"ref29","series-title":"Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Information and Communication Technology","first-page":"305","article-title":"Cow estrus detection via discrete wavelet transformation and unsupervised clustering","author":"Le","year":"2018 Dec 6\u20137"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpdc.2019.07.007","article-title":"Estimation of energy consumption in machine learning","volume":"134","author":"Garc\u00eda-Mart\u00edn","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Parallel Distrib Comput"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compag.2020.105345","article-title":"Computer vision system for measuring individual cow feed intake using RGB-D camera and deep learning algorithms","volume":"172","author":"Bezen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Comput Electron Agric"},{"key":"ref32","unstructured":"Analog Devices, Inc. ADXL345 Datasheet: Digital Accelerometer. Norwood, MA, USA: Analog Devices, Inc. [cited 2025 Jan 1]. Available from: https:\/\/www.analog.com\/media\/en\/technical-documentation\/data-sheets\/ADXL345.pdf."},{"key":"ref33","unstructured":"Microchip Technology Inc. ATmega328P Datasheet: 8-bit AVR Microcontroller. Chandler, AZ: Microchip Technology Inc. 2018 [cited 2025 Jan 1]. Available from: https:\/\/ww1.microchip.com\/downloads\/en\/DeviceDoc\/Atmel-7810-Automotive-Microcontrollers-ATmega328P_Datasheet.pdf."},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109497","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3099212","article-title":"Real-time behavioral recognition in dairy cows based on geomagnetism and acceleration information","volume":"9","author":"Tian","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref35","series-title":"2023 International Technical Conference on Circuits\/Systems, Computers, and Communications (ITC-CSCC)","first-page":"1","article-title":"Sensor-based cattle behavior classification using deep learning approaches","author":"Mekruksavanich","year":"2023 Jun 25\u201328"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1886","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13111886","article-title":"Uncovering patterns in dairy cow behaviour: a deep learning approach with tri-axial accelerometer data","volume":"13","author":"Balasso","year":"2023","journal-title":"Animals"},{"journal-title":"Knowledge management and acquisition for intelligent systems","year":"2023","author":"Martono","key":"ref37"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1083272","DOI":"10.3389\/fanim.2023.1083272","article-title":"Classification of behaviors of free-ranging cattle using accelerometry signatures collected by virtual fence collars","volume":"4","author":"Versluijs","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Anim Sci"}],"container-title":["Computers, Materials &amp; Continua"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/cdn.techscience.cn\/files\/cmc\/2025\/TSP_CMC-83-2\/TSP_CMC_62590\/TSP_CMC_62590.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T01:06:48Z","timestamp":1763341608000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.techscience.com\/cmc\/v83n2\/60582"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32604\/cmc.2025.062590","relation":{},"ISSN":["1546-2226"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1546-2226"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}}}