{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T16:14:55Z","timestamp":1791389695004,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Polish Society of Microbiologists","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The frequency of opportunistic fungal infections in critically ill patients whose intensive care unit stays are prolonged due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is higher than in the period before COVID-19. We planned this study to improve the management of\n                    <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic>\n                    infections by defining the\n                    <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic>\n                    species, the etiology of infections caused by\n                    <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic>\n                    species, and the antifungal susceptibility of the species. This retrospective study included patients older than 18 hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU) with a definitive diagnosis of COVID-19 for seven months (from March 2021 to September 2021). All study data that we recorded in a standard study form were analyzed with TURCOSA (Turcosa Analytics Ltd. Co., Turkey,\n                    <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.turcosa.com.tr\">www.turcosa.com.tr<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    ) statistical software. The patients were evaluated in four groups as group 1 (candidemia patients, n = 78), group 2 (candiduria patients, n = 189), group 3 (control patients, n = 57), and group 4 (patients with candidemia in urine cultures taken before\n                    <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic>\n                    was detected in blood culture, n = 42).\n                    <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic>\n                    species were identified using both conventional and VITEK\n                    <jats:italic>\u00ae<\/jats:italic>\n                    2 (BioM\u00e9rieux, France) methods. The antifungal susceptibility of fungi was determined using the E test method. Of the 5,583 COVID-19 patients followed during the study period, 78 developed candidemia, and 189 developed candiduria. The incidence of candidemia (per 1,000 admissions) was determined to be 1.6. As a result of statistical analysis, we found that\n                    <jats:italic>Candida albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                    was the dominant strain in candidemia and candiduria, and there was no antifungal resistance except for naturally resistant strains.\n                    <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic>\n                    strains grown in blood and urine were the same in 40 of 42 patients. Mortality was 69.2% for group 1, 60.4% for group 2, and 57.8% for group 3. Antifungals were used in 34 (43.5%) patients from group 1, and 95 (50.2%) from group 2. In the candidemia group without antifungal use, mortality was quite high (77.2%). Antifungal use reduced mortality in the group 2 (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.05). Length of ICU stays, comorbidity, broad-spectrum antibiotics, and corticosteroids are independent risk factors for candidemia in critically ill COVID-19 patients. Our study contributes to the knowledge of risk factors for developing COVID-19-related candida infections. The effect of candiduria on the development of candidemia in critically ill COVID-19 patients should be supported by new studies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.33073\/pjm-2022-036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,3]],"date-time":"2022-10-03T05:07:48Z","timestamp":1664773668000},"page":"411-419","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Opportunistic\n                    <i>Candida<\/i>\n                    Infections in Critical COVID-19 Patients"],"prefix":"10.33073","volume":"71","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2584-0463","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u0131ne","family":"Altinkaya \u00c7avu\u015f","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care, University of Health Sciences, Kayseri City Hospital , Kayseri , Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8435-396X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haf\u0131ze","family":"Sav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mycology, University of Health Sciences, Kayseri City Hospital , Kayseri , Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"18083","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026081913034032451_j_pjm-2022-036_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arastehfar A, Carvalho A, Nguyen MH, Hedayati MT, Netea MG, Perlin DS, Hoenigl M. 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