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The present study was designed to explore highly efficient bacteria with benzene degrading potential from tannery industry soil, which might be used as an alternative to these conventional benzene removal remedies. Bacterial isolation was performed using benzene (80 \u03bcl\/1,000 ml) supplemented with minimal salt media (MSM). Characterization of isolates was carried out by performing growth curve analysis, Gram staining, biochemical characterization via Remel RapID\n                    <jats:bold>\u2122<\/jats:bold>\n                    NF PLUS System (Thermo Scientific\u2122, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc., USA), antibiotic sensitivity profiling, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, benzene removal efficiency estimation assay, FTIR, and GC-MS profiling. Five bacteria isolated in the present study were identified as\n                    <jats:italic>Paracoccus aestuarii<\/jats:italic>\n                    PUB1,\n                    <jats:italic>Bacillus tropicus<\/jats:italic>\n                    PUB2,\n                    <jats:italic>Bacillus albus<\/jats:italic>\n                    PUB3,\n                    <jats:italic>Bacillus subtilis<\/jats:italic>\n                    PUB4, and\n                    <jats:italic>Bacillus cereus<\/jats:italic>\n                    PUB6. All of these fast-growing bacteria were Gram-positive except\n                    <jats:italic>P. aestuarii<\/jats:italic>\n                    PUB1. Maximum benzene removal efficiency (30 mg\/l per 25 h) was found in\n                    <jats:italic>B. tropicus<\/jats:italic>\n                    PUB2. Comparing the FTIR spectra of bacterial culture supernatant versus control revealed the peaks shifting corresponding to benzene ring bonds breaking. GC-MS analysis identified the metabolic intermediates from benzoate methylation and benzaldehyde pathways. These bacteria can be employed for benzene degradation via enzyme-based nanoparticle synthesis or cloning of relevant genes in eco-friendly expression systems.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.33073\/pjm-2025-003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,27]],"date-time":"2025-03-27T15:48:55Z","timestamp":1743090535000},"page":"33-47","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Isolation, Molecular, and Metabolic Profiling of Benzene-Remediating Bacteria Inhabiting the Tannery Industry Soil"],"prefix":"10.33073","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Nadia","family":"Hussain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University , Al Ain , Al Ain Campus , United Arab Emirates"},{"name":"AAU Health and Biomedical Research Center, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi Campus , Abu Dhabi , United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farhan","family":"Mohiuddin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of the Punjab , Lahore , Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatima","family":"Muccee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of the Punjab , Lahore , Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saboor Muarij","family":"Bunny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of the Punjab , Lahore , Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amal H.I.","family":"Al Haddad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chief Operations Office, Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City (SSMC), PureHealth , Abu Dhabi , United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"18083","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026081913072230203_j_pjm-2025-003_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abu Laban N, Selesi D, Jobelius C, Meckenstock RU. 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