{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T07:58:47Z","timestamp":1790236727817,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"National Institute for Health and Care Research","issue":"57","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,1]],"date-time":"2016-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1467331200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.nationalarchives.gov.uk\/doc\/non-commercial-government-licence\/non-commercial-government-licence.htm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000664","name":"Health Technology Assessment programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["10\/93\/04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["10\/93\/04"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000664","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Health Technol Assess"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"abs1-1\"><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Younger people bear the heaviest burden of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Partner notification, condom use and STI testing can reduce infection but many young people lack the knowledge, skills and confidence needed to carry out these behaviours. Text messages can provide effective behavioural support. The acceptability and feasibility of a randomised controlled trial of safer sex support delivered by text message are not known.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"abs1-2\"><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess the acceptability and feasibility of a randomised controlled trial of a safer sex intervention delivered by text message for young people aged 16\u201324 years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"abs1-3\"><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>(1) Intervention development; (2) follow-up procedure development; (3) a pilot, parallel-arm randomised controlled trial with allocation via remote automated randomisation (ratio of 1\u2009:\u20091) (participants were unmasked, whereas researchers analysing samples and data were masked); and (4) qualitative interviews.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"abs1-4\"><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Participants were recruited from sexual health services in the UK.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"abs1-5\"><jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title><jats:p>Young people aged 16\u201324 years diagnosed with chlamydia or reporting unprotected sex with more than one partner in the last year.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"abs1-6\"><jats:title>Interventions<\/jats:title><jats:p>A theory- and evidence-based safer sex intervention designed, with young people\u2019s input, to reduce the incidence of STIs by increasing the correct treatment of STIs, partner notification, condom use and STI testing before unprotected sex with a new partner. The intervention was delivered via automated mobile phone messaging over 12 months. The comparator was a monthly text message checking contact details.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"abs1-7\"><jats:title>Main outcome measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>(1) Development of the intervention based on theory, evidence and expert and user views; (2) follow-up procedures; (3) pilot trial primary outcomes: full recruitment within 3 months and follow-up rate for the proposed primary outcomes for the main trial; and (4) participants\u2019 views and experiences regarding the acceptability of the intervention.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"abs1-8\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In total, 200 participants were randomised in the pilot trial, of whom 99 were allocated to the intervention and 101 were allocated to the control. We fully recruited early and achieved an 81% follow-up rate for our proposed primary outcome of the cumulative incidence of chlamydia at 12 months. There was no differential follow-up between groups. In total, 97% of messages sent were successfully delivered to participants\u2019 mobile phones. Recipients reported that the tone, language, content and frequency of messages were appropriate. Messages reportedly increased knowledge of and confidence in how to use condoms and negotiate condom use and reduced stigma about STIs, enabling participants to tell a partner about a STI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"abs1-9\"><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our research shows that the intervention is acceptable and feasible to deliver. Our pilot trial demonstrated that a main trial is feasible. It remains unclear which behaviour change techniques and elements of the intervention or follow-up procedures are associated with effectiveness. A further limitation is that in the trial one person entering data and the participants were unmasked. A randomised controlled trial to establish the effects of the intervention on STIs at 12 months is needed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"abs1-10\"><jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title><jats:p>Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN02304709.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"abs1-11\"><jats:title>Funding<\/jats:title><jats:p>This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full in<jats:italic>Health Technology Assessment<\/jats:italic>; Vol. 20, No. 57. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3310\/hta20570","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,2]],"date-time":"2016-08-02T06:41:17Z","timestamp":1470120077000},"page":"1-82","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3310\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Can text messages increase safer sex behaviours in young people? Intervention development and pilot randomised controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.3310","volume":"20","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"isrctn02304709","registry":"10.18810\/isrctn","type":"results"}],"author":[{"given":"Caroline","family":"Free","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Trials Unit, Department for Population Health, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ona","family":"McCarthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Trials Unit, Department for Population Health, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca S","family":"French","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social and Environmental Health Research, Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaye","family":"Wellings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social and Environmental Health Research, Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Michie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Population Sciences, University College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Trials Unit, Department for Population Health, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Devries","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health and Development, Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sujit","family":"Rathod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Trials Unit, Department for Population Health, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Bailey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Population Sciences, University College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Syred","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sexual Health Research Group, King\u2019s College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phil","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Trials Unit, Department for Population Health, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graham","family":"Hart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Population Sciences, University College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Palmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Trials Unit, Department for Population Health, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paula","family":"Baraitser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sexual Health Research Group, King\u2019s College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"6221","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1795","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61947-9","article-title":"Prevalence, risk factors, and uptake of interventions for sexually transmitted infections in Britain: findings from the National Surveys of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles (Natsal)","volume":"382","author":"Sonnenberg","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1771","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(91)90559-A","article-title":"Genital chlamydial infections: epidemiology and reproductive sequelae","volume":"164","author":"Cates","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1781","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)62035-8","article-title":"Changes in sexual attitudes and lifestyles in Britain through the life course and over time: findings from the National Surveys of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles (Natsal)","volume":"382","author":"Mercer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2003.005181","article-title":"Investigating ethnic differences in sexual health: focus groups with young people","volume":"80","author":"Connell","year":"2004","journal-title":"Sexually Transm Infect"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e3181a2a933","article-title":"Repeat infection with Chlamydia and gonorrhea among females: a systematic review of the literature","volume":"36","author":"Hosenfeld","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2008.085456","article-title":"A systematic review of randomised controlled trials of interventions promoting effective condom use","volume":"65","author":"Free","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-14-616","article-title":"An exploratory review of HIV prevention mass media campaigns targeting men who have sex with men","volume":"14","author":"French","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib8","first-page":"S32","article-title":"Can accelerated partner therapy (APT) improve outcomes of partner notification for women diagnosed with genital chlamydia in primary care settings: a pilot randomized controlled trial in general practice and community sexual health services","volume":"41","author":"Estcourt","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1001362","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001362","article-title":"The effectiveness of mobile-health technology-based health behaviour change or disease management interventions for health care consumers: a systematic review","volume":"10","author":"Free","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLOS MED"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60701-0","article-title":"Smoking cessation support delivered via mobile phone text messaging (txt2stop): a single-blind, randomised trial","volume":"378","author":"Free","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1007\/s10198-012-0424-5","article-title":"Txt2stop: a randomised controlled trial of a mobile phone based smoking cessation intervention: cost-effectiveness analysis","volume":"14","author":"Guerriera","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Health Econ"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1258\/095646206778145686","article-title":"Confidentiality is essential if young people are to access sexual health services","volume":"17","author":"Thomas","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J STD AIDS"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1136\/tc.2008.026146","article-title":"Txt2stop: a pilot randomised controlled trial of mobile phone-based smoking cessation support","volume":"18","author":"Free","year":"2009","journal-title":"Tob Control"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-6133.27.3.379","article-title":"A taxonomy of behavior change techniques used in interventions","volume":"27","author":"Abraham","year":"2008","journal-title":"Health Psychol"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1089\/tmj.2011.0058","article-title":"Investigation into the use of short message services to expand uptake of human immunodeficiency virus testing, and whether content and dosage have impact","volume":"18","author":"de Tolly","year":"2012","journal-title":"Telemed J E Health"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1093\/her\/cyr020","article-title":"A randomised controlled trial using mobile advertising to promote safer sex and sun safety to young people","volume":"26","author":"Gold","year":"2011","journal-title":"Health Educ Res"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2009.100396","article-title":"Impact of text and e-mail messaging on the sexual health of young people: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"66","author":"Lim","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2011-050454","article-title":"Increasing chlamydia test of re-infection rates using SMS reminders and incentives","volume":"89","author":"Downing","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2013.04.006","article-title":"A sex risk reduction text-message program for young adult females discharged from the emergency department","volume":"53","author":"Suffoletto","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Adolesc Health"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.outlook.2013.03.006","article-title":"A randomized controlled trial of soap opera videos streamed to smartphones to reduce risk of sexually transmitted human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in young urban African American women","volume":"61","author":"Jones","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nurs Outlook"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e50","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e3182a0a050","article-title":"Effect of text messaging to deter early resumption of sexual activity after male circumcision for HIV prevention: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"65","author":"Odeny","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/s12160-013-9486-6","article-title":"The behavior change technique taxonomy (v1) of 93 hierarchically clustered techniques: building an international consensus for the reporting of behavior change interventions","volume":"46","author":"Michie","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Behav Med"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-5908-6-42","article-title":"The behaviour change wheel: a new method for characterising and designing behaviour change interventions","volume":"6","author":"Michie","year":"2011","journal-title":"Implement Sci"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1581","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69662-1","article-title":"Factors that shape young people\u2019s sexual behaviour: a systematic review","volume":"368","author":"Marston","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1136\/qshc.2004.011155","article-title":"Making psychological theory useful for implementing evidence based practice: a consensus approach","volume":"14","author":"Michie","year":"2005","journal-title":"Qual Saf Health Care"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.125.1.90","article-title":"Psychological correlates of heterosexual condom use: a meta analysis","volume":"125","author":"Sheeran","year":"1999","journal-title":"Psychol Bull"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.1080\/08870446.2010.540664","article-title":"A refined taxonomy of behaviour change techniques to help people change their physical activity and healthy eating behaviours: the CALO-RE taxonomy","volume":"26","author":"Michie","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychol Health"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.131.6.856","article-title":"A test of major assumptions about behavior change: a comprensive look at the effects of passive and active HIV prevention interventions since the beginning of the epidemic","volume":"131","author":"Albarracin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Psychol Bull"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"a1655","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.a1655","article-title":"Developing and evaluating complex interventions: the new Medical Research Council guidance","volume":"337","author":"Craig","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib30","volume-title":"Planning Health Promotion Programs. An Intervention Mapping Approach","author":"Bartholomew","year":"2011","edition":"3rd edn."},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1258\/ijsa.2012.200312","volume-title":"UK National Guidelines On Safer Sex Advice","author":"Clutterbuck","year":"2012"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)07882-0","article-title":"Sample size slippages in randomised trials: exclusions and the lost and wayward","volume":"359","author":"Schulz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib33","volume-title":"Evidence-Based Medicine: How to Practice and Teach EBM","author":"Sackett","year":"2000"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1186\/1745-6215-10-52","article-title":"A review of reporting of participant recruitment and retention in RCTs in six major journals","volume":"10","author":"Toerien","year":"2009","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib35","volume-title":"The Third National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles (Natsal-3): Technical Report","author":"Erens","year":"2013"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2003.006197","article-title":"The chlamydia screening studies: rationale and design","volume":"80","author":"Low","year":"2004","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e278","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.2668","article-title":"The sexunzipped trial: optimizing the design of online randomized controlled trials","volume":"15","author":"Bailey","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib38","first-page":"MR000008","article-title":"Methods to increase response rates to postal questionnaires","volume":"2","author":"Edwards","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"MR000032","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.mr000032.pub2","article-title":"Strategies to improve retention in randomised trials","volume":"12","author":"Brueton","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/1745-6215-11-2","article-title":"Questionnaires in clinical trials: guidelines for optimal design and administration","volume":"11","author":"Edwards","year":"2010","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-6-5","article-title":"Maximising response to postal questionnaires \u2013 a systematic review of randomised trials in health research","volume":"6","author":"Nakash","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2003.08.013","article-title":"Follow-up by mail in clinical trials: does questionnaire length matter?","volume":"25","author":"Edwards","year":"2004","journal-title":"Controlled Clin Trials"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2005.034397","article-title":"Meta-analysis of randomised trials of monetary incentives and response to mailed questionnaires","volume":"59","author":"Edwards","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.324.7347.1183","article-title":"Increasing response rates to postal questionnaires: systematic review","volume":"324","author":"Edwards","year":"2002","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e26","DOI":"10.2196\/mhealth.4302","article-title":"Young people\u2019s views and experiences of a mobile phone texting intervention to promote safer sex behaviour","volume":"4","author":"French","year":"2016","journal-title":"JMIR Mhealth Uhealth"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib46","volume-title":"The Behaviour Change Wheel: a Guide to Designing Interventions","author":"Michie","year":"2014"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1136\/tc.2005.011577","article-title":"Do u smoke after txt? Results of a randomised trial of smoking cessation using mobile phone text messaging","volume":"14","author":"Rodgers","year":"2005","journal-title":"Tob Control"},{"issue":"8","key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3310\/hta11080","article-title":"Epidemiological, social, diagnostic and economic evaluation of population screening for genital chlamydial infection","volume":"11","author":"Low","year":"2007","journal-title":"Health Technol Assess"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1462","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1409.080153","article-title":"Emergence and spread of Chlamydia trachomatis variant, Sweden","volume":"14","author":"Herrmann","year":"2008","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2004.07.004","article-title":"Evaluation of a cognitive-behavioral, group, randomized controlled intervention trial to prevent sexually transmitted infections and unintended pregnancies in young women","volume":"40","author":"Boyer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Prev Med"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2011.11.012","article-title":"Adolescents\u2019 perspectives on the use of a text messaging service for preventive sexual health promotion","volume":"51","author":"Perry","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Adolesc Health"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.280.13.1161","article-title":"Efficacy of risk-reduction counseling to prevent human immunodeficiency virus and sexually transmitted diseases: a randomized controlled trial. Project RESPECT Study Group","volume":"280","author":"Kamb","year":"1998","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1889","DOI":"10.1126\/science.280.5371.1889","article-title":"The NIMH Multisite HIV Prevention Trial: reducing HIV sexual risk behavior. The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Multisite HIV Prevention Trial Group","volume":"280","author":"National Institute of Mental Health","year":"1998","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"key20160729150331349_ref1-bib54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e9","DOI":"10.2196\/resprot.4094","article-title":"Can internet-based sexual health services increase diagnoses of sexually transmitted infections (STIs)? Protocol for an evaluation of an internet-based STI testing and results service","volume":"5","author":"Wilson","year":"2016","journal-title":"JMIR Res Protoc"}],"container-title":["Health Technology Assessment"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.journalslibrary.nihr.ac.uk\/publications\/hta20570\/hta20570.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/njl-admin.nihr.ac.uk\/document\/download\/2002520","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.journalslibrary.nihr.ac.uk\/publications\/hta20570\/hta20570.xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/njl-admin.nihr.ac.uk\/document\/download\/2003438","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,15]],"date-time":"2023-08-15T15:48:39Z","timestamp":1692114519000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.journalslibrary.nihr.ac.uk\/hta\/hta20570\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"57","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3310\/hta20570"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3310\/hta20570","relation":{},"ISSN":["1366-5278","2046-4924"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1366-5278","type":"print"},{"value":"2046-4924","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"This content has been made freely available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}