{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T02:44:36Z","timestamp":1790736276408,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"National Institute for Health and Care Research","issue":"59","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,1]],"date-time":"2017-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1506816000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.nationalarchives.gov.uk\/doc\/non-commercial-government-licence\/non-commercial-government-licence.htm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000664","name":"Health Technology Assessment programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["12\/167\/95"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12\/167\/95"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000664","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Health Technol Assess"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"abs1-1\">\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Preliminary studies have indicated that music therapy may benefit children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"abs1-2\">\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To examine the effects of improvisational music therapy (IMT) on social affect and responsiveness of children with ASD.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"abs1-3\">\n                  <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>International, multicentre, three-arm, single-masked randomised controlled trial, including a National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)-funded centre that recruited in London and the east of England. Randomisation was via a remote service using permuted blocks, stratified by study site.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"abs1-4\">\n                  <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Schools and private, voluntary and state-funded health-care services.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"abs1-5\">\n                  <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Children aged between 4 and 7 years with a confirmed diagnosis of ASD and a parent or guardian who provided written informed consent. We excluded children with serious sensory disorder and those who had received music therapy within the past 12 months.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"abs1-6\">\n                  <jats:title>Interventions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>All parents and children received enhanced standard care (ESC), which involved three 60-minute sessions of advice and support in addition to treatment as usual. In addition, they were randomised to either one (low-frequency) or three (high-frequency) sessions of IMT per week, or to ESC alone, over 5 months in a ratio of 1\u2009:\u20091\u2009:\u20092.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"abs1-7\">\n                  <jats:title>Main outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The primary outcome was measured using the social affect score derived from the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) at 5 months: higher scores indicated greater impairment. Secondary outcomes included social affect at 12 months and parent-rated social responsiveness at 5 and 12 months (higher scores indicated greater impairment).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"abs1-8\">\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 364 participants were randomised between 2011 and 2015. A total of 182 children were allocated to IMT (90 to high-frequency sessions and 92 to low-frequency sessions), and 182 were allocated to ESC alone. A total of 314 (86.3%) of the total sample were followed up at 5 months [165 (90.7%) in the intervention group and 149 (81.9%) in the control group]. Among those randomised to IMT, 171 (94.0%) received it. From baseline to 5 months, mean scores of ADOS social affect decreased from 14.1 to 13.3 in music therapy and from 13.5 to 12.4 in standard care [mean difference: music therapy vs. standard care\u2009=\u20090.06, 95% confidence interval (CI) \u20130.70 to 0.81], with no significant difference in improvement. There were also no differences in the parent-rated social responsiveness score, which decreased from 96.0 to 89.2 in the music therapy group and from 96.1 to 93.3 in the standard care group over this period (mean difference: music therapy vs. standard care\u2009=\u2009\u20133.32, 95% CI \u20137.56 to 0.91). There were seven admissions to hospital that were unrelated to the study interventions in the two IMT arms compared with 10 unrelated admissions in the ESC group.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"abs1-9\">\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Adding IMT to the treatment received by children with ASD did not improve social affect or parent-assessed social responsiveness.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"abs1-10\">\n                  <jats:title>Future work<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Other methods for delivering music-focused interventions for children with ASD should be explored.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"abs1-11\">\n                  <jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN78923965.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"abs1-12\">\n                  <jats:title>Funding<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This project was funded by the NIHR Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full in <jats:italic>Health Technology Assessment<\/jats:italic>; Vol. 21, No. 59. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3310\/hta21590","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,23]],"date-time":"2017-10-23T15:46:07Z","timestamp":1508773567000},"page":"1-40","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3310\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["International multicentre randomised controlled trial of improvisational music therapy for children with autism spectrum disorder: TIME-A study"],"prefix":"10.3310","volume":"21","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"isrctn78923965","registry":"10.18810\/isrctn","type":"results"}],"author":[{"given":"Mike J","family":"Crawford","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Psychiatry, Imperial College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Gold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Grieg Academy Music Therapy Research Centre, Uni Research Health, Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen","family":"Odell-Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Music for Health Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lavanya","family":"Thana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Psychiatry, Imperial College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Faber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Music for Health Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00f6rg","family":"Assmus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Grieg Academy Music Therapy Research Centre, Uni Research Health, Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u0141ucja","family":"Bieleninik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Grieg Academy Music Therapy Research Centre, Uni Research Health, Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Geretsegger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Grieg Academy Music Therapy Research Centre, Uni Research Health, Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Grant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central and North West London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Maratos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central and North West London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephan","family":"Sandford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Claringbold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Psychiatry, Imperial College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen","family":"McConachie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Morag","family":"Maskey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karin Antonia","family":"M\u00f6ssler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Grieg Academy Music Therapy Research Centre, Uni Research Health, Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Ramchandani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Psychiatry, Imperial College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Hassiotis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"6221","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69041-7","article-title":"Prevalence of disorders of the autism spectrum in a population cohort of children in South Thames: the Special Needs and Autism Project (SNAP)","volume":"368","author":"Baird","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2004.00215.x","article-title":"Adult outcome for children with autism","volume":"45","author":"Howlin","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1177\/1362361309104246","article-title":"Economic cost of autism in the UK","volume":"13","author":"Knapp","year":"2009","journal-title":"Autism"},{"key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-0127","article-title":"A comparison of health care utilization and costs of children with and without autism spectrum disorders in a large group-model health plan","volume":"118","author":"Croen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2788.2005.00732.x","article-title":"The impact of behaviour problems on caregiver stress in young people with autism spectrum disorders","volume":"50","author":"Lecavalier","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Intellect Disabil Res"},{"key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-7610.00488","article-title":"Autism spectrum disorders at 20 and 42 months of age: stability of clinical and ADI-R diagnosis","volume":"40","author":"Cox","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1480","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-0185","article-title":"Factors associated with age of diagnosis among children with autism spectrum disorders","volume":"116","author":"Mandell","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-005-3302-5","article-title":"Autism after adolescence: population-based 13- to 22-year follow-up study of 120 individuals with autism diagnosed in childhood","volume":"35","author":"Billstedt","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Autism Dev Disord"},{"key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1312","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-0427","article-title":"A systematic review of medical treatments for children with autism spectrum disorders","volume":"127","author":"McPheeters","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib10","volume-title":"Autism: Management and Support of Children and Young People on the Autism Spectrum. Clinical Guideline 170","author":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence","year":"2013"},{"key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib11","first-page":"CD009774","article-title":"Parent-mediated early intervention for young children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD)","volume":"4","author":"Oono","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib12","first-page":"CD004381","article-title":"Music therapy for people with autism spectrum disorder","volume":"6","author":"Geretsegger","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2214.2006.00615.x","article-title":"Music therapy in the assessment and treatment of autistic spectrum disorder: clinical application and research evidence","volume":"32","author":"Wigram","year":"2006","journal-title":"Child Care Health Dev"},{"key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1758","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-008-0566-6","article-title":"The effects of improvisational music therapy on joint attention behaviors in autistic children: a randomized controlled study","volume":"38","author":"Kim","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Autism Dev Disord"},{"key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1080\/08098131.2011.566933","article-title":"Effects of relational music therapy on communication of children with autism: a randomized controlled study","volume":"20","author":"Gattino","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nord J Music Ther"},{"key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1093\/jmt\/thv005","article-title":"Common characteristics of improvisational approaches in music therapy for children with autism spectrum disorder: developing treatment guidelines","volume":"52","author":"Geretsegger","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Music Ther"},{"key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2431-12-2","article-title":"Randomised controlled trial of improvisational music therapy\u2019s effectiveness for children with autism spectrum disorders (TIME-A): study protocol","volume":"12","author":"Geretsegger","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Pediatr"},{"key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.9478","article-title":"Effects of improvisational music therapy versus enhanced standard care on symptom severity among children with autism spectrum disorder: the TIME-A randomized clinical trial","volume":"318","author":"Bieleninik","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib19","volume-title":"Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS)","author":"Lord","year":"2001"},{"key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-006-0280-1","article-title":"The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule: revised algorithms for improved diagnostic validity","volume":"37","author":"Gotham","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Autism Dev Disord"},{"key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02172145","article-title":"Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised: a revised version of a diagnostic interview for caregivers of individuals with possible pervasive developmental disorders","volume":"24","author":"Lord","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Autism Dev Disord"},{"key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2152","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60587-9","article-title":"Parent-mediated communication-focused treatment in children with autism (PACT): a randomised controlled trial","volume":"375","author":"Green","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200111000-00009","article-title":"Multisite, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of porcine secretin in autism","volume":"40","author":"Owley","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib24","volume-title":"International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10)","author":"World Health Organization","year":"1992"},{"key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1420","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2004.00338.x","article-title":"A new social communication intervention for children with autism: pilot randomised controlled treatment study suggesting effectiveness","volume":"45","author":"Aldred","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib26","volume-title":"Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS)","author":"Constantino","year":"2005"},{"key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1097\/00004703-200002000-00002","article-title":"Reciprocal social behaviour in children with and without pervasive developmental disorders","volume":"21","author":"Constantino","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Dev Behav Pediatrics"},{"key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1025014929212","article-title":"Validation of a brief quantitative measure of autistic traits: comparison of the social responsiveness scale with the autism diagnostic interview-revised","volume":"33","author":"Constantino","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Autism Dev Disord"},{"key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7525-5-63","article-title":"The Warwick\u2013Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS): development and UK validation","volume":"5","author":"Tennant","year":"2007","journal-title":"Health Qual Life Outcomes"},{"key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02206861","article-title":"A longitudinal study of joint attention and language development in autistic children","volume":"20","author":"Mundy","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Autism Dev Disord"},{"key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/1540-5834.00002","article-title":"Continuity and change in the social competence of children with autism, Down syndrome, and developmental delays","volume":"64","author":"Sigman","year":"1999","journal-title":"Monogr Soc Res Child Dev"},{"key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1587","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S81233","article-title":"Outcome predictors in autism spectrum disorders preschoolers undergoing treatment as usual: insights from an observational study using artificial neural networks","volume":"11","author":"Narzisi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat"},{"key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib33","first-page":"328","article-title":"\u2018R\u2019 \u2013 project for statistical computing","volume":"170","author":"Dessau","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ugeskr Laeg"},{"key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib34","volume-title":"WMA Declaration of Helsinki","author":"World Medical Association","year":"1964"},{"issue":"41","key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3310\/hta19410","article-title":"Systematic review of tools to measure outcomes for young children with autism spectrum disorder","volume":"19","author":"McConachie","year":"2015","journal-title":"Health Technol Assess"},{"key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1177\/1362361314542955","article-title":"Measuring social communication behaviors as a treatment endpoint in individuals with autism spectrum disorder","volume":"19","author":"Anagnostou","year":"2015","journal-title":"Autism"},{"key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2501","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31229-6","article-title":"Parent-mediated social communication therapy for young children with autism (PACT): long-term follow-up of a randomised controlled trial","volume":"388","author":"Pickles","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2006.01707.x","article-title":"The effectiveness of Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) training for teachers of children with autism: a pragmatic, group randomised controlled trial","volume":"48","author":"Howlin","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatr"},{"key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-006-0229-4","article-title":"Social and communication abilities and disabilities in higher functioning individuals with autism spectrum disorders: the Vineland and the ADOS","volume":"37","author":"Klin","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Autism Dev Disord"},{"key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2464","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-016-2782-9","article-title":"Measuring changes in social communication behaviors: preliminary development of the Brief Observation of Social Communication Change (BOSCC)","volume":"46","author":"Grzadzinski","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Autism Dev Disord"},{"key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1177\/10883576040190020201","article-title":"Social skill deficits and anxiety in high-functioning adolescents with autism spectrum disorders","volume":"19","author":"Bellini","year":"2004","journal-title":"Focus Autism Other Dev Disabil"},{"key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib42","first-page":"1","article-title":"Improving mental health in families with autistic children: benefits of using video feedback in parent counselling sessions offered alongside music therapy","volume":"5","author":"Blauth","year":"2017","journal-title":"Health Psychol Rep"},{"key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1093\/mtp\/30.2.109","article-title":"Family-centered music therapy in the home environment: promoting interpersonal engagement between children with autism spectrum disorder and their parents","volume":"30","author":"Thompson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Music Ther Perspect"},{"key":"key20171115161241526_ref1-bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1111\/cch.12121","article-title":"Family-centred music therapy to promote social engagement in young children with severe autism spectrum disorder: a randomized controlled study","volume":"40","author":"Thompson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Child Care Health Dev"}],"container-title":["Health Technology Assessment"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.journalslibrary.nihr.ac.uk\/publications\/hta21590\/hta21590.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/njl-admin.nihr.ac.uk\/document\/download\/2002744","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.journalslibrary.nihr.ac.uk\/publications\/hta21590\/hta21590.xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/njl-admin.nihr.ac.uk\/document\/download\/2011332","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,15]],"date-time":"2023-08-15T15:40:55Z","timestamp":1692114055000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.journalslibrary.nihr.ac.uk\/hta\/hta21590"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"59","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3310\/hta21590"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3310\/hta21590","relation":{},"ISSN":["1366-5278","2046-4924"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1366-5278","type":"print"},{"value":"2046-4924","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"This content has been made freely available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}