{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T06:48:41Z","timestamp":1783061321438,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"National Institute for Health and Care Research","issue":"56","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.nationalarchives.gov.uk\/doc\/non-commercial-government-licence\/non-commercial-government-licence.htm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000664","name":"Health Technology Assessment programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["13\/79\/09"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["13\/79\/09"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000664","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journalslibrary.nihr.ac.uk"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Health Technol Assess"],"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n Effective use of contraception can reduce numbers of unintended pregnancies, but misunderstandings and concerns about contraception abound. Increasingly, women seek health-care information online.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n To develop an interactive website to aid informed choice of contraceptive method, including long-acting reversible contraception (Phase I), and test its effectiveness in a parallel, single-blind randomised trial (Phase II). Approval came from London \u2013 Camden & King\u2019s Cross Research Ethics Committee (reference 17\/LO\/0112).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Setting and participants<\/jats:title>\n For both phases, women aged 15\u201330 years were recruited from general practice, sexual health services, maternity services, community pharmacies and an abortion service.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design<\/jats:title>\n In Phase I, we conducted three systematic literature reviews, a review of YouTube (YouTube, LLC, San Bruno, CA, USA) videos about contraception, and focus groups and interviews with young women to explore barriers to and concerns and misperceptions about contraception. We then iteratively co-designed an interactive website, Contraception Choices [URL: www.contraceptionchoices.org<\/jats:uri> (accessed June 2020)], with young women and a software company. In Phase II, we evaluated the website through a randomised trial that began as a feasibility trial. Early demand for Contraception Choices stimulated a design change from a feasibility to an efficacy trial, with follow-up for clinical outcomes at 3 and 6 months. A randomisation list was incorporated into the trial software program to allocate participants to the intervention (website) or control group (standard care).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Intervention<\/jats:title>\n Contraception Choices is a co-designed, evidence-based, interactive website to aid informed choice of contraception. It provides information about different methods, addresses common concerns and offers tailored contraceptive options in response to individual preferences.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Main outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n Qualitative \u2013 participant views and experience of the intervention, assessed through qualitative interviews. Quantitative primary outcomes \u2013 follow-up rate at 6 months in the initial feasibility trial, using a long-acting reversible contraception method, and satisfaction with contraceptive method at 6 months in the efficacy trial.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n A total of 927 women were randomised online to the website (n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009464) or control group (n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009463), of whom 739 (80%) provided follow-up data at 6 months [786 women (85%) provided data at 3 and\/or 6 months that were included in the analysis of primary outcomes]. There was little difference between groups in the proportion using long-acting reversible contraception at 6 months [30.4% intervention vs. 31.0% control, adjusted odds ratio after imputation 0.87 (95% confidence interval 0.60 to 1.27)] or in satisfaction with contraceptive method [proportion being \u2018satisfied\u2019 or \u2018very satisfied\u2019, 82.6% intervention vs. 82.1% control, adjusted odds ratio 0.93 (95% confidence interval 0.69 to 1.25)]. Qualitative evaluation indicated highly positive views about the website and increased knowledge of contraceptive methods that could dispel misperceptions. Women appreciated having information tailored to their specific needs and felt better prepared before consultations.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Limitations<\/jats:title>\n We did not include intermediate measures, such as knowledge of contraceptive methods, intention to change method or confidence in discussing contraception with a health-care professional, which may have indicated other benefits of using the website. In future, the website should be studied in different settings (e.g. schools and in routine practice) to see whether or not it improves the quality or efficiency of contraceptive consultations.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Our systematic review indicated wide-ranging influences on women\u2019s use of contraception globally. The website, Contraception Choices, was very popular with young women and contraception service providers. It was not associated with statistically significant differences in use of long-acting reversible contraception or satisfaction with contraceptive method at 6 months.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN13247829.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Funding<\/jats:title>\n This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full in Health Technology Assessment<\/jats:italic>; Vol. 24, No. 56. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3310\/hta24560","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,9]],"date-time":"2020-11-09T16:47:43Z","timestamp":1604940463000},"page":"1-44","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3310\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["An interactive website to aid young women\u2019s choice of contraception: feasibility and efficacy RCT"],"prefix":"10.3310","volume":"24","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"isrctn13247829","registry":"10.18810\/isrctn","type":"results"}],"author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8852-0881","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Judith","family":"Stephenson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UCL Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Institute for Women\u2019s Health, University College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5001-0122","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Julia V","family":"Bailey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3198-7122","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ann","family":"Blandford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCL Interaction Centre (UCLIC), University College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6930-5166","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nataliya","family":"Brima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8968-5963","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Andrew","family":"Copas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3604-2280","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Preethy","family":"D\u2019Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social Science, UCL Institute of Education, University College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4317-5866","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Anasztazia","family":"Gubijev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCL Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Institute for Women\u2019s Health, University College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7447-8934","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rachael","family":"Hunter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Economics, University College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2766-7302","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jill","family":"Shawe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health and Community, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7216-7294","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Greta","family":"Rait","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PRIMENT Clinical Trials Unit, Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9571-269X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sandy","family":"Oliver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social Science, UCL Institute of Education, University College London, London, UK"},{"name":"Africa Centre for Evidence, Faculty of Humanities, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"6221","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"key20201106152404925_ref1-bib1","unstructured":"GOV.UK. 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