{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T12:36:44Z","timestamp":1791463004166,"version":"4.3.4"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.3310\/nihropenres.13421.1","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]],"date-time":"2023-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692576000000}},{"DOI":"10.3310\/nihropenres.13421.2","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]],"date-time":"2023-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692576000000}},{"DOI":"10.3310\/nihropenres.13421.3","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]],"date-time":"2023-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692576000000}}],"reference-count":42,"publisher":"National Institute for Health and Care Research","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]],"date-time":"2023-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692576000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MC_PC_20005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MC_PC_20005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MC_UU_00007\/10"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MC_UU_00007\/10"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MC_UU_00007\/15"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MC_UU_00007\/15"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MC_PC_20005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MC_PC_20005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004440","name":"Wellcome","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["204979"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["204979"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["openresearch.nihr.ac.uk"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["NIHR Open Res"],"abstract":"<ns4:p>\n                    <ns4:bold>Background:<\/ns4:bold>\n                    People with myalgic encephalomyelitis \/ chronic fatigue syndrome (ME\/CFS) experience core symptoms of post-exertional malaise, unrefreshing sleep, and cognitive impairment. Despite numbering 0.2-0.4% of the population, no laboratory test is available for their diagnosis, no effective therapy exists for their treatment, and no scientific breakthrough regarding pathogenesis has been made. It remains unknown, despite decades of small-scale studies, whether individuals experience different types of ME\/CFS separated by onset-type, sex or age.\n                  <\/ns4:p>\n                  <ns4:p>\n                    <ns4:bold>Methods:\u00a0<\/ns4:bold>\n                    DecodeME is a large population-based study of ME\/CFS that recruited 17,074 participants in the first 3 months following full launch. Detailed questionnaire responses from UK-based participants who all reported being diagnosed with ME\/CFS by a health professional provided an unparalleled opportunity to investigate, using logistic regression, whether ME\/CFS severity or onset type is significantly associated with sex, age, illness duration, comorbid conditions or symptoms.\n                  <\/ns4:p>\n                  <ns4:p>\n                    <ns4:bold>Results:<\/ns4:bold>\n                    The well-established sex-bias among ME\/CFS patients is evident in the initial DecodeME cohort: 83.5% of participants were females. What was not known previously was that females tend to have more comorbidities than males. Moreover, being female, being older and being over 10 years from ME\/CFS onset are significantly associated with greater severity.\u00a0 Five different ME\/CFS onset types were examined in the self-reported data: those with ME\/CFS onset (i) after glandular fever (infectious mononucleosis); (ii) after COVID-19 infection; (iii) after other infections; (iv) without an infection at onset; and, (v) where the occurrence of an infection at or preceding onset is not known. Among other findings, ME\/CFS onset with unknown infection status was significantly associated with active fibromyalgia.\n                  <\/ns4:p>\n                  <ns4:p>\n                    <ns4:bold>Conclusions:\u00a0<\/ns4:bold>\n                    DecodeME participants differ in symptoms, comorbid conditions and\/or illness severity when stratified by their sex-at-birth and\/or infection around the time of ME\/CFS onset.\n                  <\/ns4:p>","DOI":"10.3310\/nihropenres.13421.4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]],"date-time":"2023-08-21T05:40:06Z","timestamp":1692596406000},"page":"20","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3310\/nihropenres.crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Typing myalgic encephalomyelitis by infection at onset: A DecodeME study"],"prefix":"10.3310","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9258-3140","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew 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status","group":{"name":"current-referee-status","label":"Current Referee Status"}},{"value":"10.3310\/nihropenres.14615.r30248, Sarah Tyson, Division of Nursing, Midwifery & Social Work, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, England, 22 Aug 2023, version 4, indexed","URL":"https:\/\/openresearch.nihr.ac.uk\/articles\/3-20\/v4#referee-response-30248","order":0,"name":"referee-response-30248","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"10.3310\/nihropenres.14591.r29745, Suzanne Vernon, The Bateman Horne Center of Excellence, Salt Lake City, UT, 13 Jul 2023, version 2, 1 approved, 1 approved with reservations","URL":"https:\/\/openresearch.nihr.ac.uk\/articles\/3-20\/v2#referee-response-29745","order":1,"name":"referee-response-29745","label":"Referee Report","group":{"name":"article-reports","label":"Article Reports"}},{"value":"DecodeME is funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) and Medical Research Council (MRC), grant number MC_PC_20005. The study\u2019s Protocol has undergone full external peer review by the MRC as part of the peer review process. The study is also supported by the Medical Research Council University Unit award to the MRC Human Genetics Unit, University of Edinburgh, grant number MC_UU_00007\/10 (SK, VV) and MC_UU_00007\/15 (\u00d8A, JCW). ADB would like to acknowledge funding from the Wellcome PhD training fellowship for clinicians (204979, <a href=https:\/\/doi.org\/10.35802\/204979>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.35802\/204979<\/a>), the Edinburgh Clinical Academic Track (ECAT) programme. MRC and NIHR facilitated discussions between scientists and people with ME prior to submission of the funding application, but played no role in the design of the study and collection, analysis, and interpretation of data and in writing the manuscript. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.","order":2,"name":"grant-information","label":"Grant Information"},{"value":"This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","order":0,"name":"copyright-info","label":"Copyright"}]}}