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It is an optimal tool for delivering very high doses to the tumor focally while minimizing the probability of normal tissue complications. Physicians from a wide range of specialties may be involved in either the referral to or the placement of brachytherapy. Many patients require brachytherapy as either primary treatment or as part of their oncologic care. On the basis of high\u2010level evidence from randomized controlled trials, brachytherapy is mainly indicated: 1) as standard in combination with chemoradiation in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer; 2) in surgically treated patients with uterine endometrial cancer for decreasing the risk of vaginal vault recurrence; 3) in patients with high\u2010risk prostate cancer to perform dose escalation and improve progression\u2010free survival; and 4) in patients with breast cancer as adjuvant, accelerated partial breast irradiation or to boost the tumor bed. In this review, the authors discuss the clinical relevance of brachytherapy with a focus on indications, levels of evidence, and results in the overall context of radiation use for patients with cancer.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21578","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,30]],"date-time":"2019-07-30T08:40:17Z","timestamp":1564476017000},"page":"386-401","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":167,"title":["Brachytherapy: An overview for clinicians"],"prefix":"10.3322","volume":"69","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0119-3695","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cyrus","family":"Chargari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center Villejuif France"},{"name":"French Military Health Academy Paris 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