{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T10:30:45Z","timestamp":1794047445216,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Ferrata Storti Foundation (Haematologica)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,13]],"date-time":"2023-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689206400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["haematol"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Survival has improved in patients diagnosed with multiple myeloma (MM) over the last two decades; however, there remains a paucity of data on the causes of death in MM patients and whether causes of death change during the disease trajectory. We conducted a retrospective population-based study to evaluate the rates of MM-specific versus non-MM cause of death and to identify factors associated with cause-specific death in MM patients, stratified into autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) and non-ASCT cohorts. A total of 6,677 patients were included, 2,576 in the ASCT group and 4,010 in the non-ASCT group. Eight hundred and seventy-three (34%) ASCT patients and 2,787 (68%) non-ASCT patients died during the follow-up period. MM was the most frequent causes of death, causing 74% of deaths in the ASCT group and 67% in the non-ASCT group. Other cancers were the second leading causes of death, followed by cardiac and infectious diseases. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that a more recent year of diagnosis and novel agent use within 1 year of diagnosis were associated with a decreased risk of MM-specific death, whereas a history of previous non-MM cancer, older age, and the presence of CRAB criteria at diagnosis increased the risk of non-MM death. Our data suggests that despite improvement in MM outcomes in recent years, MM remains the greatest threat to overall survival for patients. Further advances in the development of effective MM therapeutic agents in both ASCT and non-ASCT populations and patient access to them is needed to improve outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2023.282905","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,13]],"date-time":"2023-07-13T03:59:59Z","timestamp":1689220799000},"page":"3384-3391","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Cancer-specific mortality in multiple myeloma: a population-based retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.3324","volume":"108","author":[{"given":"Arleigh","family":"McCurdy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsien","family":"Seow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory P.","family":"Pond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anastasia","family":"Gayowsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajshekhar","family":"Chakraborty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alissa","family":"Visram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rayan","family":"Kaedbey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anita","family":"D\u2019Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ghulam Rehman","family":"Mohyuddin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tanya M.","family":"Wildes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafael","family":"Fonseca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hira","family":"Mian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1856","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"55148","unstructured":"Cancer Stat Facts: Myeloma. National Cancer Institute Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results program. 2023. Publisher Full Text|"},{"key":"55149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cowan AJ, Allen C, Barac A. Global burden of multiple myeloma: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. JAMA Oncol. 2018; 4(9):1221-1227.","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2018.2128"},{"key":"55150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Turesson I, Bjorkholm M, Blimark CH, Kristinsson S, Velez R, Landgren O. Rapidly changing myeloma epidemiology in the general population: Increased incidence, older patients, and longer survival. Eur J Haematol. 2018; 101(2):237-244.","DOI":"10.1111\/ejh.13083"},{"key":"55151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Costa LJ, Brill IK, Omel J, Godby K, Kumar SK, Brown EE. Recent trends in multiple myeloma incidence and survival by age, race, and ethnicity in the United States. Blood Adv. 2017; 1(4):282-287.","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2016002493"},{"key":"55152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mian H, Reece D, Masih-Khan E. Survival and outcomes of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients stratified by transplant status 2007-2018: retrospective analysis from the Canadian Myeloma Research Group Database. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2022; 22(8):608-617.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clml.2022.03.002"},{"key":"55153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Joseph NS, Kaufman JL, Dhodapkar MV. Long-term follow-up results of lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone induction therapy and risk-adapted maintenance approach in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. J Clin Oncol. 2020; 38(17):1928-1937.","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.19.02515"},{"key":"55154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mohammadi M, Cao Y, Glimelius I, Bottai M, Eloranta S, Smedby KE. 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