{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T10:30:54Z","timestamp":1794047454448,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Ferrata Storti Foundation (Haematologica)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,9]],"date-time":"2023-11-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1699488000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["haematol"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The role of autologous-allogeneic tandem stem cell transplantation (alloTSCT) followed by maintenance as upfront treatment for multiple myeloma is controversial. Between 2008 and 2014 a total of 217 multiple myeloma patients with a median age of 51 years were included by 20 German centers within an open-label, parallel-group, multicenter clinical trial to compare alloTSCT to autologous tandem transplantation (autoTSCT) followed by 2 years of maintenance therapy with thalidomide (100 mg\/day) in both arms with respect to relapse\/progression-free survival (PFS) and other relevant outcomes. A total of 178 patients underwent a second transplant (132 allogeneic, 46 autologous). PFS at 4 years after the second transplant was 47% (95% CI: 38-55%) for alloTSCT and 35% (95% CI: 21-49%) for autoTSCT (P=0.26). This difference increased to 22% at 8 years (P=0.10). The cumulative incidences of non-relapse mortality and of relapse at 4 years were 13% (95% CI: 8-20%) and 2% (95% CI: 0.3-2%) (P=0.044) and 40% (95% CI: 33-50%) and 63% (95% CI: 50-79%) (P=0.04) for alloTSCT and autoTSCT, respectively. The difference for relapse\/progression increased to 33% (alloTSCT: 44%, autoTSCT: 77%) at a median follow-up of 82 months (P=0.002). Four-year overall survival was 66% (95% CI: 57-73%) for alloTSCT and 66% (95% CI: 50-78%) for autoTSCT (P=0.91) and 8-year overall survival was 52% and 50% (P=0.87), respectively. In conclusion, alloTSCT followed by thalidomide maintenance reduced the rate of recurrence or progression during a follow-up period of up to 10 years but failed to improve PFS significantly. This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00777998).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2023.282920","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,9]],"date-time":"2023-11-09T02:49:31Z","timestamp":1699498171000},"page":"1469-1479","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Autologous-allogeneic &lt;i&gt;versus&lt;\/i&gt; autologous tandem stem cell transplantation and maintenance therapy with thalidomide for multiple myeloma patients under 60 years of age: a prospective, phase II study"],"prefix":"10.3324","volume":"109","author":[{"given":"Nicolaus","family":"Kr\u00f6ger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerald","family":"Wulf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ute","family":"Hegenbart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Burchert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Stelljes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nico","family":"Gagelmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arne","family":"Brecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Kaufmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lutz","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnold","family":"Ganser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominik","family":"Wolf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Bethge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Bornh\u00e4user","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Kiehl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva-Maria","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Schmid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans Christian","family":"Reinhardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guido","family":"Kobbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans","family":"Salwender","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Heinicke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Kropff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marion","family":"Heinzelmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francis","family":"Ayuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenz","family":"Tr\u00fcmper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Neubauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"V\u00f6lp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evgeny","family":"Kluychnikov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Sch\u00f6nland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Wolschke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1856","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"60620","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aschan J, Lonnqvist B, Ringden O, Kumlien G, Gahrton G. 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