{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T13:10:27Z","timestamp":1787317827220,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Aboutscience Srl","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,8]],"date-time":"2024-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728345600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch. Physioter"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction:\u00a0Goniometric finger range of motion (ROM) is the most common outcome measure used for functional evaluation of finger joints, but its reliability is not well-evaluated. This study aimed to investigate intra- and inter-rater reliability of goniometric finger ROM using a written protocol for active, passive, and composite movements in healthy adults.\nMethods:\u00a0The design was a single-center, cross-sectional, reliability study. Participants were 20 healthy adults (mean \u00b1 standard deviation, 36.4 \u00b1 10.9 years). ROM for active, passive, and composite movements of the fingers was assessed by three occupational therapists with at least 5 years clinical experience in the field of physical disabilities. To standardize the measurement method used, we developed a written protocol, stabilized the wrist position, and trained the evaluators. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) values were used for the reliability analysis. ICC (1,1) was used for intra-rater reliability. ICC (2,1) was used for inter-rater reliability. Hand-shaped heatmaps were used to summarize the reliability data.\nResults:\u00a0Most of the results (88.7%) showed moderate to good intra-rater reliability (ICC \u2265 0.50), while inter-rater reliability showed less (69.0%). Both intra- and inter-rater reliability showed no trends between dominant and non-dominant hands, type of movement, finger, or joint.\nConclusions:\u00a0Intra-rater reliability was relatively high and using a written protocol was beneficial. Inter-rater reliability tended to be lower, and differences in the physical structure of both raters and participants may have affected inter-rater reliability values.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.33393\/aop.2024.3049","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,22]],"date-time":"2024-10-22T08:26:12Z","timestamp":1729585572000},"page":"83-88","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Intra- and inter-rater reliability of goniometric finger range of motion using a written protocol"],"prefix":"10.33393","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-3840-5344","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takuya","family":"Nakai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2006-7918","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Satoru","family":"Amano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chikako","family":"Murao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haruki","family":"Taguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8083-255X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kayoko","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"18642","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"13469","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shiraishi H. 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Inter-rater and intra-rater reliability when measuring interphalangeal joints: comparison between three hand-held goniometers. Physiotherapy. 2003;89(11):641-652. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0031-9406(05)60097-1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9406(05)60097-1"},{"key":"13477","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ellis B, Bruton A. A study to compare the reliability of composite finger flexion with goniometry for measurement of range of motion in the hand. Clin Rehabil. 2002;16(5):562-570. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1191\/0269215502cr513oa PMID:12194627","DOI":"10.1191\/0269215502cr513oa"},{"key":"13478","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lewis E, Fors L, Tharion WJ. Interrater and intrarater reliability of finger goniometric measurements. Am J Occup Ther. 2010;64(4):555-561. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5014\/ajot.2010.09028 PMID:20825126","DOI":"10.5014\/ajot.2010.09028"},{"key":"13479","unstructured":"Sato A, Oi H, Abe Y. Reliability of hand joint angle measurements using the manual for hand joint range of motion measurements. Jpn Soc Surg Hand. 2015;31(4):512-516."},{"key":"13480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Koo TK, Li MY. A guideline of selecting and reporting intraclass correlation coefficients for reliability research. J Chiropr Med. 2016;15(2):155-163. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcm.2016.02.012 PMID:27330520","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2016.02.012"},{"key":"13481","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stratford PW, Goldsmith CH. Use of the standard error as a reliability index of interest: an applied example using elbow flexor strength data. Phys Ther. 1997;77(7):745-750. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ptj\/77.7.745 PMID:9225846","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/77.7.745"},{"key":"13482","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ellis B, Bruton A, Goddard JR. Joint angle measurement: a comparative study of the reliability of goniometry and wire tracing for the hand. 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