{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T12:15:05Z","timestamp":1780056905654,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Aboutscience Srl","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch. Physioter"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Functional disorders appear early in the course of the disease and develop over time impacting\u00a0 participation and quality of life. However, little is known about functional deterioration\u00a0 assessed by clinical and instrumented tools in longitudinal studies.\r\nObjective: To investigate motor and cognitive short-term trajectories in early-diagnosed, non-disabled People with Multiple Sclerosis (PwMS).\r\nMethods: We included 63 PwMS with Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) \u22642.5points, disease duration\u22645years, and aged (Mean\u00b1Standard Deviation) 38.7\u00b110.7years. Participants were assessed at baseline and after 2 years with clinical and instrumented evaluations. Data on disability and functional disorders were collected using EDSS, Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT), Multiple Sclerosis Walking Scale-12 (MSWS-12), Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), and Symbol-digit modality test (SDMT), while instrumented data measuring complexity and intensity of balance disorders and gait symmetry-regularity-instability were extracted from wearable devices.\r\nResults: Clinical scales (EDSS, 6MWT, FSS, MSWS-12, and SDMT) did not show a statistically significant deterioration when baseline and 2-year follow-up were compared: EDSS (Median and min-max) from 2 (0-2.5) to 2(0-4.5)points, 6MWT from 568.4\u00b180.5 to 577.0\u00b193.5m, FSS from 3.1(1-7) to 3.2(1-7)points, MSWS-12 from 25(20-65) to 25(20-78.3) points, and SDMT from 55.3\u00b114.5 to 61.3\u00b115.2points. We observed similar results innstrumented variables: complexity from 0.00\u00b10.69 to -0.17\u00b10.78[au], intensity from 0.00\u00b10.69 to -0.17\u00b10.78[au], gait regularity from 0.87\u00b10.07 to 0.88\u00b10.08[au], gait symmetry from 80.24\u00b120.24 to 83.0\u00b18.85[au], and gait instability from 0.67\u00b10.11to 0.70\u00b10.13[au].\r\nConclusion:Contrary to our hypothesis, our data showed a functional stability of the disease after 2 years. This\u00a0 held even\u00a0 when\u00a0 an instrumented assessment to assess subtle functional disorders was added.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.33393\/aop.2025.3254","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]],"date-time":"2025-07-03T06:57:01Z","timestamp":1751525821000},"page":"174-183","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Motor and cognitive changes across 2 years: a longitudinal study in early Multiple Sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.33393","author":[{"given":"Elisa","family":"Gervasoni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6713-4623","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudio","family":"Solaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denise","family":"Anastasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4723-9302","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachele","family":"Di Giovanni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9691-1957","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Rovaris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2026-3572","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giampaolo","family":"Brichetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8030-5725","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolo","family":"Confalonieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Tacchino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7486-0706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilaria","family":"Carpinella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Davide","family":"Cattaneo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"18642","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"17095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"1. 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