{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T21:56:38Z","timestamp":1768600598132,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Aboutscience Srl","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768521600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Grhta"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: The use of fibrobronchoscopy increased significantly for collecting airway microbiological samplesand during percutaneous tracheostomies and difficult intubations. Reusable bronchoscopes pose risks of contamination and damage due to their fragile structure and difficulties of cleaning and sterilization; single-use bronchoscopes have been introduced, offering reliability in terms of vision, maneuverability, suctioning capacity, and sterility, reducing the risk of hospital-acquired infections and improving logistical management.Methods: The study analyzed healthcare workers\u2019 and management\u2019s perceptions of single-use bronchoscopesversus reusable ones. Among the main objectives were to evaluate the organizational impact, quality, and performance of bronchoscopes, while also analyzing opinions on device features, safety in infection prevention, and ease of use during training.Results: In this analysis 66% of clinicians rated optimal image quality, and 90% of respondents highly appreciatedthe \u201cplug &amp; play\u201d feature of disposable endoscopes; also, 45% of clinicians noted no significant differences in aspiration performance. Healthcare professionals felt more exposed to infectious agents with reusable endoscopes, believing disposable endoscopes required less vigilance and monitoring. In training, 80% of doctors and 100% of nurses considered disposable endoscopes more suitable due to their greater ease of use. Finally, the Overall Satisfaction of all healthcare workers was 75%.Conclusion: The analysis of results demonstrated that the use of single-use bronchoscopes in anesthesia andresuscitation is highly comparable in terms of clinical effectiveness to reusable ones and that significant advantages in costs and organizational impact were highlighted, positively impacting the daily workflow of healthcare workers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.33393\/grhta.2026.3646","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T10:17:17Z","timestamp":1768558637000},"page":"15-21","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Differences in organizational impact, performance and quality related to the use of single- and\/or reusable bronchoscopes in anesthesiology and resuscitation"],"prefix":"10.33393","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-3210-0667","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pierfrancesco","family":"Tozzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katia","family":"Bruno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-6158-1045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giacomo","family":"Polito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Del Bianco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8379-5889","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beatrice","family":"Frasacco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8076-1250","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Pugliese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"18642","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"18663","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Panchabhai TS, Mehta AC. Historical perspectives of bronchoscopy. Connecting the dots. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2015;12(5):631-641. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201502-089PS PMID:25965540","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201502-089PS"},{"key":"18664","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Paradis TJ, Dixon J, Tieu BH. The role of bronchoscopy in the diagnosis of airway disease. J Thorac Dis. 2016;8(12):3826-3837. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21037\/jtd.2016.12.68 PMID:28149583","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2016.12.68"},{"key":"18665","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ergan B, Nava S. The use of bronchoscopy in critically ill patients: considerations and complications.Ergan B, Nava S.Expert Rev Respir Med. 2018;12(8):651-663. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17476348.2018.1494576 PMID: 29958019","DOI":"10.1080\/17476348.2018.1494576"},{"key":"18666","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A\u00f1\u00f3n JM, Arellano MS, P\u00e9rez-M\u00e1rquez M, et al. The role of routine FIBERoptic bronchoscopy monitoring during percutaneous dilatational TRACHeostomy (FIBERTRACH): a study protocol for a randomized, controlled clinical trial. Trials. 2021;22(1):423. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13063-021-05370-x PMID:34187554","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-021-05370-x"},{"key":"18667","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Langiano N, Fiorelli S, Deana C, et al. Airway management in anesthesia for thoracic surgery: a \"real life\" observational study. J Thorac Dis. 2019;11(8):3257-3269. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21037\/jtd.2019.08.57 PMID:31559028","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2019.08.57"},{"key":"18668","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Croke L. Guideline for Processing Flexible Endoscopes. AORN J. 2022;116(3):5-P7. PMID:36005869 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/aorn.13773 PMID:36005869","DOI":"10.1002\/aorn.13773"},{"key":"18669","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Travis HS, Russell RV, Kovaleva J. Cross-contamination rate of reusable flexible bronchoscopes: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis. J Infect Prev. 2023;24(3):95-102. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/17571774231158203 PMID:37065274","DOI":"10.1177\/17571774231158203"},{"key":"18670","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kovaleva J, Peters FT, van der Mei HC, et al. Transmission of infection by flexible gastrointestinal endoscopy and bronchoscopy. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2013;26(2):231-254. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/CMR.00085-12 PMID:23554415","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00085-12"},{"key":"18671","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Singh S. Bronchoscopy in intensive care. In: Interventional Pulmonology (ERS Monograph). European Respiratory Society; 2017:29-48. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/2312508X.10002517","DOI":"10.1183\/2312508X.10002517"},{"key":"18672","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barron SP, Kennedy MP. Single-use (disposable) flexible bronchoscopes: the future of bronchoscopy? Adv Ther. 2020;37(11):4538-4548. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12325-020-01495-8 PMID:32944885","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-020-01495-8"},{"key":"18673","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Single Use or Disposable Flexible Bronchoscopes: Bench Top and Preclinical Comparison of Currently Available Devices. J Intensive Care Med. 2023 Jun;38(6):519-528. doi: 10.1177\/08850666221148645. Epub 2023 Jan 7.","DOI":"10.1177\/08850666221148645"},{"key":"18674","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"He S, Xie L, Liu J, et al. Single-use flexible bronchoscopes vs traditional reusable flexible bronchoscopes: a prospective controlled study. BMC Pulm Med. 2023;23(1):202. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12890-023-02478-5 PMID:37296389","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-023-02478-5"},{"key":"18675","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Flandes J, Giraldo-Cadavid LF, Alfayate J, et al. Bronchoscopist's perception of the quality of the single-use bronchoscope (Ambu aScope4\u2122) in selected bronchoscopies: a multicenter study in 21 Spanish pulmonology services. Respir Res. 2020;21(1):320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12931-020-01576-w PMID:33267892","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-020-01576-w"},{"key":"18676","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Smesseim I, Daniels JMA, Annema J, et al. Disposable versus reusable bronchoscopes: a narrative review of cost-effectiveness, risk of cross-contamination and environmental impact. Arch Bronconeumol. 2024;60(4):250-252. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.01.015. PMID: 38402049","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2024.01.015"},{"key":"18677","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Logan N, Yurosko C, Mehta A, et al. Bronchoscopy-related infection and the development of single-use bronchoscopy technology. Curr Pulmonol Rep. 2023;12(4):190-197. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13665-023-00328-7","DOI":"10.1007\/s13665-023-00328-7"},{"key":"18678","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mouritsen JM, Ehlers L, Kovaleva J, et al. A systematic review and cost effectiveness analysis of reusable vs. single-use flexible bronchoscopes. Anaesthesia. 2020;75(4):529-540. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/anae.14891 PMID:31701521","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.14891"},{"key":"18679","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Boyd S, Murphy CJ, Snyman L. Single-use vs. reusable flexible bronchoscopes for airway management and in critical care: a narrative review. Anaesthesia. 2025;80(2):197-204. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/anae.16430 PMID:39344667","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.16430"},{"key":"18680","unstructured":"Liu T, Shen A, Hu X, et al. SPD-based logistics management model of medical consumables in hospitals. Iran J Public Health. 2016;45(10):1288-1299. 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