{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T19:59:52Z","timestamp":1788811192673,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Korean Pediatric Society","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,12]],"date-time":"2020-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605139200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002560","name":"Soonchunhyang University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002560","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["e-cep.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Exp Pediatr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Food allergies and food-induced anaphylaxis are important health problems. Several cofactors modulating the onset of anaphylaxis have been identified. In the presence of cofactors, allergic reactions may be induced at lower doses of food allergens and\/or become severe. Exercise and concomitant infections are well-documented cofactors of anaphylaxis in children. Other factors such as consumption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, alcohol ingestion, and stress have been reported. Cofactors reportedly play a role in approximately 30% of anaphylactic reactions in adults and 14%\u201318.3% in children. Food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (FDEIA) is the best-studied model of cofactor-induced anaphylaxis. Wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis, the most common FDEIA condition, has been studied the most. The mechanisms of action of cofactors have not yet been fully identified. This review aims to educate clinicians on recent developments in the role of cofactors and highlight the importance of recognizing cofactors in food allergies and food-induced anaphylaxis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3345\/cep.2020.01088","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,12]],"date-time":"2020-11-12T02:10:23Z","timestamp":1605147023000},"page":"393-399","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3345\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Food allergies and food-induced anaphylaxis: role of cofactors"],"prefix":"10.3345","volume":"64","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3699-8741","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Meeyong","family":"shin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1897","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4168\/aair.2016.8.6.535"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2011.09.018"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12437"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12532"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5414\/alx01401e"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2012.02877.x."},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12193"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2005.02257.x"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"568","volume-title":"Provoking allergens and treatment of anaphylaxis in children and adolescents--data from the anaphylaxis registry of German-speaking countries","author":"Hompes","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.13207"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.13282"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.120"},{"key":"ref13","first-page":"1584","volume-title":"Effect of sleep deprivation and exercise on reaction threshold in adults with peanut allergy: a randomized controlled study","author":"Dua","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2005.02213.x"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23822\/eurannaci.1764-1489.45"},{"key":"ref16","first-page":"114","volume-title":"A multicenter retrospective case study of anaphylaxis triggers by age in Korean children","author":"Christensen","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-010-0150-y"},{"key":"ref18","first-page":"351","volume-title":"Drugs as risk factors of food anaphylaxis in adults: a case-control study","author":"Moneret-Vautrin","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/aci.0000000000000461"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.12.023"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-017-3739-1"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-002-0653-x"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2012-091585"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2332\/allergolint.12-oa-0495"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13601-019-0260-0"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21688370.2018.1539595"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21688370.2017.1373208"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.109.104638"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106557"},{"key":"ref30","first-page":"312","volume-title":"Food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis: possible impact of increased basophil histamine releasability in hyperosmolar conditions","author":"Barg","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2007.01501.x"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12735"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2332\/allergolint.13-oa-0536"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2001.04329.x"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2012.04071.x"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.14032"},{"key":"ref37","first-page":"678","volume-title":"Intolerance to nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs: results of controlled drug challenges in 98 patients","author":"Quiralte","year":"1996"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2008.08.006"},{"key":"ref39","first-page":"1103","volume-title":"Antihypertensive medication use is associated with increased organ system involvement and hospitalization in emergency department patients with anaphylaxis","author":"Lee","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iac.2010.09.009"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2013.08.002"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2011.01865.x"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.1994.267.5.g794"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2013-305690"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2012.01928.x"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2020.01.006"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/00005768-199209001-00004"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2008.05.001"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13477"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12965\/jer.1938470.235"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004210000305"}],"container-title":["Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/e-cep.org\/upload\/pdf\/cep-2020-01088.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/e-cep.org\/journal\/view.php?doi=10.3345\/cep.2020.01088","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/e-cep.org\/upload\/pdf\/cep-2020-01088.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,4]],"date-time":"2021-08-04T02:12:23Z","timestamp":1628043143000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/e-cep.org\/journal\/view.php?doi=10.3345\/cep.2020.01088"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,15]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3345\/cep.2020.01088","relation":{},"ISSN":["2713-4148"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2713-4148","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-06-23","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-10-08","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-11-12","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published online","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-08-15","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Print publication","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}