{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T20:30:31Z","timestamp":1792096231463,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Korean Pediatric Society","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,18]],"date-time":"2021-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637193600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["e-cep.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Exp Pediatr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The use of systemic steroids for 6+ weeks in children is associated with decreased bone mineral content (BMC) and density (BMD). However, the effects of a shorter duration of use on BMD are unknown.Purpose: To determine the effect of the use of systemic steroids for 2\u20136 weeks on BMD and BMC in pediatric patients.Methods: Twenty-five pediatric patients (21 with tuberculosis, 2 with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis, 1 with inflammatory bowel disease, 1 with autoimmune hemolytic anemia) who received systemic steroids for 2\u20136 weeks and 25 age- and sexmatched controls were enrolled. BMC, BMD, and z scores of the whole body (WB), lumbar spine (LS), nondominant distal radius (DR), and total body less the head (TBLH) were determined by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry at baseline, the end of steroid therapy or 6 weeks (whichever was earlier; first follow-up), and at the end of 3 months from baseline (second follow-up) in patients and at baseline in controls. The values were adjusted for confounding variables. Continuous and categorical variables were compared using Student t test and the chi-square test or Fisher exact test, respectively. Pairwise comparisons employed Bonferroni correction.Results: Statistically significant decreases in BMC, BMD, and all z scores were observed. BMC declined by 5.37%, 2.08%, 1.82%, and 2.27%, and 11.42%, 3.75%, 3.34%, and 4.17% for WB, LS, DR, and TBLH, respectively, at the first and second follow-ups, respectively. Similarly, BMD declined by 2.01%, 2.31%, 2.18%, and 1.70% and 4.59%, 3.76%, 3.14%, and 3.50% for the WB, LS, DR, and TBLH, respectively, at the first and second follow-ups, respectively. A significant negative correlation was found among bone densitometric parameters, duration, and cumulative dose.Conclusion: The use of systemic steroids for 2\u20136 weeks in pediatric patients decreased the BMD and BMC of trabecular and cortical bones, an effect that persisted after discontinuation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3345\/cep.2021.00045","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,18]],"date-time":"2021-11-18T07:03:48Z","timestamp":1637219028000},"page":"254-261","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3345\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Effect of 2\u20136 weeks of systemic steroids on bone mineral density in children"],"prefix":"10.3345","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2056-2751","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Athira","family":"Kuniyil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0088-3064","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Somdipa","family":"Pal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8669-6170","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Namrita","family":"Sachdev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1774-9531","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tribhuvan Pal","family":"Yadav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1897","reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"349","volume-title":"Monitoring adverse reaction to steroid therapy in children","author":"Seth","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocd.2019.07.001"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocd.2007.12.005"},{"key":"ref4","first-page":"193","volume-title":"Comparison of bone mineral density in steroid dependent, frequent relapse, and infrequent relapse nephrotic syndrome in children","author":"Nurmalia","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"275","volume-title":"Metabolic bone disease in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome","author":"Borey","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/nejmoa040367"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-009-0256-1"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.1785"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.11097"},{"key":"ref10","first-page":"831","volume-title":"Bone health and growth in glucocorticoid treated patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis","author":"Valta","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-008-0052-3"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0256-4947.51458"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-013-1037-4"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21115"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002960050056"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-013-2466-7"},{"key":"ref17","first-page":"1025","volume-title":"Calcium and vitamin D for osteoprotection in children with new onset nephrotic syndrome treated with steroids: a randomised controlled interventional study","author":"Chaudhary","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref18","first-page":"627","volume-title":"Effects of steroid treatment on bone mineral metabolism in children with glucocorticoid sensitive nephrotic syndrome","author":"Kosan","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7860\/jcdr\/2021\/45162.14394"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-008-0208-1"},{"key":"ref21","first-page":"207","volume-title":"Glucocorticoid-induced bone disease: mechanisms and importance in pediatric practice","author":"Sarinho","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2013.10.012"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.20589"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfh809"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-005-2118-z"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/bf03349860"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09537104.2012.690544"}],"container-title":["Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/e-cep.org\/upload\/pdf\/cep-2021-00045.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/e-cep.org\/journal\/view.php?doi=10.3345\/cep.2021.00045","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/e-cep.org\/upload\/pdf\/cep-2021-00045.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,2]],"date-time":"2022-05-02T00:18:59Z","timestamp":1651450739000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/e-cep.org\/journal\/view.php?doi=10.3345\/cep.2021.00045"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,15]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3345\/cep.2021.00045","relation":{},"ISSN":["2713-4148"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2713-4148","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-01-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication 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