{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T10:49:35Z","timestamp":1791110975709,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Korean Pediatric Society","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,15]],"date-time":"2022-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671062400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100016257","name":"Inha University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100016257","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["e-cep.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Exp Pediatr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Although preterm infants often experience desaturation or bradycardia during oral feeding, specific guidelines for its management are lacking.Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of a commercial thickened formula (TF) on oxygen saturation and heart rate stabilization during oral feeding in preterm infants.Methods: This retrospective study included 122 infants born at a median (interquartile range [IQR]) 31&lt;sup&gt;+6&lt;\/sup&gt; weeks (29&lt;sup&gt;+4&lt;\/sup&gt; \u221234&lt;sup&gt;+6&lt;\/sup&gt; weeks) of gestation weighing 1,725 g (1,353\u20132,620 g) and fed commercial cornstarch-containing TF due to feeding-associated desaturation or bradycardia. We excluded infants fed TF to treat symptomatic regurgitation. Desaturation and bradycardia events were compared between 3 days prior to the change and 3 days after the change to TF. Desaturation and bradycardia were defined as SpO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt; &lt;85% and heart rate &lt;100 beats\/min during or immediately after oral bottle feeding, respectively.Results: The median (IQR) postmenstrual age and weight were 36&lt;sup&gt;+1&lt;\/sup&gt; weeks (34&lt;sup&gt;+6&lt;\/sup&gt;\u201338&lt;sup&gt;+0&lt;\/sup&gt; weeks) and 2,395 g (2,160\u20132,780 g), respectively, at the time of change to TF. The frequency of desaturation significantly decreased after TF feeding (median [IQR]: 2.3 [1.3\u20133.3] events\/day vs. 0.3 [0\u20131.7] events\/day, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;\/i&gt;&lt; 0.001). Bradycardia also decreased after TF feeding (0.3 [0\u20131] events\/day vs. 0 [0\u20130.7] events\/day, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;\/i&gt;=0.006). There were no cases of diarrhea or electrolyte abnormalities after TF feeding. Defecation frequency decreased (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;\/i&gt;=0.037), and polyethylene glycol was prescribed to 27% of the TF-fed infants. In a subgroup analysis of 16 infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia, the frequency of desaturation was reduced (2.3 [1.8\u20133.8] events\/day vs. 0.5 [0\u20131.5] events\/day, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;\/i&gt;=0.042), and weight gain improved (22.5 [3.1\u201336.3] g\/day vs. 41.3 [28.1\u201355.1] g\/day, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;\/i&gt;=0.019), after TF feeding.Conclusion: TF feeding significantly reduces oral feeding-associated oxygen desaturation and bradycardia in preterm infants. TF may be useful for stabilizing oxygen saturation and heart rate among preterm infants with difficulties in oral feeding.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3345\/cep.2022.00780","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,15]],"date-time":"2022-12-15T01:50:24Z","timestamp":1671069024000},"page":"32-37","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3345\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A thickened formula reduces feeding-associated oxygen desaturation and bradycardia in preterm 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Hoon","family":"Jun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1897","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1467-0658.2001.00139.x"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-021-02574-7"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.108.4.928"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005176-200307000-00014"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2009.149"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2016.256"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.19104\/japm.2016.102"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/children8121158"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2020.02.005"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2020.02.006"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/5437376"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10916-017-0744-1"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000381361"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/130769"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2008.02065.x"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2017.10.010"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd003211.pub2"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-021-10353-w"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0890334413480561"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-015-9625-2"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-3757"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.115.109603"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2003.tb00607.x"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/mpg.0b013e3182a9392d"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2006.03118.x"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-012-9410-4"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-005-0006-0"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/531608"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2702.2010.03290.x"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.21171"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.115.110106"}],"container-title":["Clinical 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