{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T10:26:44Z","timestamp":1783506404425,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Korean Pediatric Society","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]],"date-time":"2024-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708300800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["e-cep.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Exp Pediatr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a major cause of morbidity in premature infants. However, effective treatment options for NEC are currently lacking. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the optimal dose of intraperitoneally administered bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) and investigate the therapeutic potential of orally administered BM-MSCs in NEC.Methods: Neonatal mice were fed maternal breast milk for the first 2 days of life. On day 3, the neonatal mice were randomly divided into control, negative control, and BM-MSC-treated groups. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was administered for 3 days, and cold stress (4\u00b0C, 10 minutes) was applied 3 times a day to induce NEC. High-dose (1\u00d710&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;\/sup&gt; cells) or low-dose (1\u00d710&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;\/sup&gt; cells) BM-MSCs were administered intraperitoneally 1 or 3 times between days 6 and 8 to treat the NEC. The orally administered group received a low dose of BM-MSCs on day 6. Furthermore, except for the control group, intraepithelial cells (IECs) of the small intestine of neonatal mice were treated with LPS and exposed to 5% O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt;\/95% N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt; hypoxic stress for 2 hours. Thereafter, each was treated with BM-MSCs.Results: Tissue injury, apoptosis, and inflammatory marker levels were significantly reduced after BM-MSC administration. Oral administration was as effective as intraperitoneal administration, even at a low dose (1\u00d710&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;\/sup&gt; cells) of BM-MSCs. The efficacy of high (1\u00d710&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;\/sup&gt; cells) or multiple divided doses of BM-MSCs did not differ from that of low-dose treatment. Significantly improved wound healing was observed after BM-MSC administration to injured IECs.Conclusion: The oral administration of BM-MSCs is a promising treatment option for NEC in infants. Further human studies of BM-MSCs are necessary to determine the optimal dose required to achieve safe and effective outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3345\/cep.2023.01151","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]],"date-time":"2024-02-19T07:07:00Z","timestamp":1708326420000},"page":"152-160","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3345\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Oral administration of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells attenuates intestinal injury in necrotizing enterocolitis"],"prefix":"10.3345","volume":"67","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1055-6876","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yeong Seok","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong 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