{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T19:50:36Z","timestamp":1787169036614,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"XMLink","issue":"42","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Special Research on Health and Epidemic Prevention","award":["22FYFH02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22FYFH02"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jkms.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Korean Med Sci"],"DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,19]],"date-time":"2023-10-19T03:32:58Z","timestamp":1697686378000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3346\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Excluding Participants With Mycobacteria Infections From Clinical Trials: A Critical Consideration in Evaluating the Efficacy of BCG Against COVID-19"],"prefix":"10.3346","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0333-890X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenping","family":"Gong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The 8th Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9292-7633","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jingli","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The 8th Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"18617","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1687","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-022-01354-4","volume":"23","author":"Jeyanathan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.05.014","volume":"28","author":"Cirovic","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1038\/s41541-018-0062-8","volume":"3","author":"K\u00fchtreiber","year":"2018","journal-title":"NPJ Vaccines"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2017.12.010","volume":"23","author":"Arts","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1038\/s41585-020-0346-4","volume":"17","author":"van Puffelen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Urol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-28509-z","volume":"13","author":"Singh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2013.272","volume":"10","author":"Bible","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1930","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiv332","volume":"212","author":"Leentjens","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00029","volume":"9","author":"Scheid","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1080\/08830185.2021.1922685","volume":"41","author":"Aspatwar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"30","key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17720","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2008410117","volume":"117","author":"Escobar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.7774\/cevr.2020.9.2.179","volume":"9","author":"Ebina-Shibuya","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Exp Vaccine Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1008969","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1008969","volume":"16","author":"Singh","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"32","key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eabc1463","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abc1463","volume":"6","author":"Berg","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e14","DOI":"10.1017\/dmp.2021.47","volume":"17","author":"Abdulah","year":"2021","journal-title":"Disaster Med Public Health Prep"},{"key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cegh.2020.08.015","volume":"9","author":"Joy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Epidemiol Glob Health"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2451","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2021.1872344","volume":"17","author":"Mar\u00edn-Hern\u00e1ndez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"},{"key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108870","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2022.108870","volume":"108","author":"Gong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1496","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.26450","volume":"93","author":"Islam","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref20","first-page":"192","volume":"389","author":"Pittet","year":"2023","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0035623","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.00356-23","volume":"14","author":"Claus","year":"2023","journal-title":"mBio"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e938","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciac182","volume":"75","author":"Moorlag","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101414","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2022.101414","volume":"48","author":"Upton","year":"2022","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1582","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2212616","volume":"388","author":"Pittet","year":"2023","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines10020314","volume":"10","author":"Czajka","year":"2022","journal-title":"Vaccines (Basel)"},{"key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2023.02.014","volume":"130","author":"Santos","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100728","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100728","volume":"3","author":"Faustman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Rep Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2022.04.009","volume":"28","author":"Ten Doesschate","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873067","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.873067","volume":"13","author":"Tsilika","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2205","DOI":"10.1007\/s40121-022-00703-y","volume":"11","author":"Sinha","year":"2022","journal-title":"Infect Dis Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.13523","volume":"292","author":"Jalalizadeh","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841868","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.841868","volume":"13","author":"Dos Anjos","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1207212","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1207212","volume":"14","author":"Gong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"890609","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.890609","volume":"9","author":"Scioscia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2271","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp2108501","volume":"385","author":"Shah","year":"2021","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1102578","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1102578","volume":"14","author":"Cheng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines11040856","volume":"11","author":"Jiang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Vaccines (Basel)"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-022-00689-z","volume":"19","author":"Chow","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms9122460","volume":"9","author":"Lombardi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1005490","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005490","volume":"12","author":"Jayaraman","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20078","DOI":"10.7448\/IAS.18.1.20078","volume":"18","author":"Sada-Ovalle","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Int AIDS Soc"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref42","first-page":"1479","volume-title":"Biomedicines","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2021"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e60","DOI":"10.1002\/ctd2.60","volume":"2","author":"Singh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Transl Discov"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-020-0337-y","volume":"20","author":"O\u2019Neill","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1005760","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005760","volume":"12","author":"Lindestam Arlehamn","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref46","first-page":"e19882","volume":"13","author":"Madan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1304","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciac881","volume":"76","author":"Blossey","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["Journal of Korean Medical Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jkms.org\/pdf\/10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/jkms.org\/DOIx.php?id=10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/jkms.org\/DOIx.php?id=10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,29]],"date-time":"2023-10-29T20:23:11Z","timestamp":1698610991000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jkms.org\/DOIx.php?id=10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"42","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e343","relation":{},"ISSN":["1011-8934","1598-6357"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1011-8934","type":"print"},{"value":"1598-6357","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-05-26","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-09-01","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-10-19","name":"published_online","label":"Published online","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"Copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","explanation":{"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},"group":{"name":"Copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}],"article-number":"e343"}}