{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T15:26:23Z","timestamp":1772465183006,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Korean Society for Parasitology","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,30]],"date-time":"2020-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588204800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["parasitol.kr"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Korean J Parasitol"],"abstract":"Pakistan is at intersection of hyperendemic regions for hydatidosis. Current study aimed to determine the prevalence of hydatid cysts and cyst characteristics in different intermediate hosts (sheep, goats, cattle and buffaloes) across the 4 provinces of Pakistan. A total of 991 sheep, 1,478 goats, 1,602 cattle and 1,343 buffaloes were examined for presence of hydatid cysts during 2 years (January 2016-December 2018). Differences in frequency of hydatidosis were observed with highest overall prevalence in buffaloes (11.9%) and sheep (11.5%). Highest prevalence and burden of infection were observed in older age animals (23.8%, 9.78\u00b10.49) and females (26.5%, 12.53\u00b10.67). Data for seasonal prevalence alluded to year-round presence of disease with non-significant statistical difference. Organ predilection indicated liver as the most preferred site of cyst localization followed mainly by lungs. An over-dispersion pattern was observed in all infected animals as majority of cysts belonged <10 cysts per infected host category. Highest percentage of fertile cysts was observed in liver of sheep. Interestingly, solitary form of cysts had higher fertility rate than multiple form. Amid lack of data and wide gap of knowledge, this study would try to fill up the lacunae regarding this neglected tropical disease. Extensive rearing of livestock, unregulated official slaughter and home slaughtering have played role in adaptability of <i>E. granulosus<\/i> in Pakistan.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3347\/kjp.2020.58.2.121","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,30]],"date-time":"2020-04-30T12:52:14Z","timestamp":1588251134000},"page":"121-127","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3347\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Comprehensive Account on Prevalence and Characteristics of Hydatid Cysts in Livestock from Pakistan"],"prefix":"10.3347","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Naunain","family":"Mehmood","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Arshad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haroon","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sami","family":"Simsek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hira","family":"Muqaddas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1900","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","volume-title":"","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"44","volume-title":"Morphological and molecular characterisation of Echinococcus granulosus<\/italic> in livestock and humans in Punjab, Pakistan","author":"Latif","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"949","volume-title":"Emerging and reemerging neglected tropical diseases: a review of key characteristics, risk factors, and the policy and innovation environment","author":"Mackey","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref4","first-page":"10","volume-title":"A review of the global prevalence, molecular epidemiology and economics of cystic echinococcosis in production animals","author":"Cardona","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"235","volume-title":"Epidemiology and control of echinococcosis in central Asia, with particular reference to the People\u2019s Republic of China","author":"Zhang","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref6","first-page":"e0005424","volume-title":"The global burden of disease study 2013: What does it mean for the NTDs?","author":"Herricks","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref7","volume-title":"IRD Pakistan, Indus Health Network, Institute of Development and Economic Alternatives, Evidence Action","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"1541","volume-title":"A PCR analysis of prevalence of Echinococcus granulosus<\/italic> genotype G1 in small and large ruminants in three districts of Punjab, Pakistan","author":"Shahzad","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"e2249","volume-title":"A systematic review of the epidemiology of echinococcosis in domestic and wild animals","author":"Otero-Abad","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref10","volume-title":""},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"161","volume-title":"Echinococcosis\/hydatidosis in western Iran","author":"Dalimi","year":"2002"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"13","volume-title":"The prevalence, intensity and viability of hydatid cysts in slaughtered animals in the Ardabil province of Northwest Iran","author":"Daryani","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref13","first-page":"26","volume-title":"Study of cystic echinococcosis in slaughtered animals in Al Baha region, Saudi Arabia: interaction between some biotic and abiotic factors","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref14","first-page":"83","volume-title":"Echinococcus granulosus<\/italic> in domestic animals in Western Pakistan","author":"Lubinsky","year":"1959"},{"key":"ref15","volume-title":"Incidence, risk factors, and epidemiology of cystic echinococcosis: a complex socioecological emerging infectious disease in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Province of Pakistan","author":"Haleem","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref16","first-page":"80","volume-title":"Prevalence and genotypic characterization of bovine Echinococcus granulosus<\/italic> isolates by using cytochrome oxidase 1 (CO1) gene in Hyderabad, Pakistan","author":"Ehsan","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref17","first-page":"212","volume-title":"Epidemiology of hydatid disease in Sardinia: a study of fertility of cysts in sheep","author":"Bortoletti","year":"1990"},{"key":"ref18","first-page":"1787","volume-title":"Financial loss estimation, prevalence and characterization of hydatidosis of cattle slaughtered at Debre Markos Municipality abattoir, Ethiopia","author":"Kebede","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref19","first-page":"75","volume-title":"Echinococcus granulosus<\/italic> larvae in the livers of sheep in Tunisia: the effects of host age","author":"Lahmar","year":"1999"}],"container-title":["The Korean Journal of 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