{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T15:41:33Z","timestamp":1783957293940,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"XMLink","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["kjronline.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Korean J Radiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T03:29:02Z","timestamp":1775014142000},"page":"471","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3348\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Pediatric Thyroid Nodules: Adult Risk Stratification Systems, 2021 K-TIRADS Revision, and Future Refinements"],"prefix":"10.3348","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4276-8803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pyeong Hwa","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"18617","reference":[{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2019.0898","volume":"145","author":"Qian","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2020.0155","volume":"31","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(24)00310-3","volume":"13","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2011-0011","volume":"32","author":"Rivkees","year":"2011","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101715","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2022.101715","volume":"37","author":"Cherella","year":"2023","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3238","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-1796","volume":"98","author":"Gupta","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1677\/erc.1.00882","volume":"13","author":"Niedziela","year":"2006","journal-title":"Endocr Relat Cancer"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.4158\/EP161208.GL","volume":"22","author":"Gharib","year":"2016","journal-title":"Endocr Pract"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2014.0460","volume":"25","author":"Francis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.09.050","volume":"159","author":"Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4559","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-2104","volume":"97","author":"Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.21.01861","volume":"40","author":"Franco","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e144847","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI144847","volume":"131","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3123","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13133123","volume":"13","author":"Macerola","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref15","first-page":"2125","volume":"40","author":"Farahati","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3146","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12113146","volume":"12","author":"Rangel-Pozzo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e165","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgab622","volume":"107","author":"Redlich","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13310","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-70439-7","volume":"10","author":"Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref19","first-page":"669","volume":"38","author":"Dottorini","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1480","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2016.0302","volume":"26","author":"Pires","year":"2016","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1619","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-3647","volume":"100","author":"Lee","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-017-4279-x","volume":"42","author":"Hay","year":"2018","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-015-3855-0","volume":"32","author":"Golpanian","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1594","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2014.0173","volume":"24","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2017.01.046","volume":"14","author":"Tessler","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Coll Radiol"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2015.0020","volume":"26","author":"Haugen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1159\/000478927","volume":"6","author":"Russ","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Thyroid J"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-020-02441-y","volume":"70","author":"Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7450","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-021-07908-8","volume":"31","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.212762","volume":"305","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161924","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2024.161924","volume":"60","author":"Srivatsa","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1350123","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1350123","volume":"15","author":"Yu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4692","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13184692","volume":"13","author":"Piccardo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5304","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13215304","volume":"13","author":"Scappaticcio","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111411","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2022.111411","volume":"164","author":"Dunya","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1041464","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.1041464","volume":"13","author":"Tuli","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2019181723","volume":"291","author":"Ha","year":"2019","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.14366\/usg.20148","volume":"40","author":"Na","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ultrasonography"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.21037\/tcr.2018.05.47","volume":"7","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transl Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2094","DOI":"10.3348\/kjr.2021.0713","volume":"22","author":"Ha","year":"2021","journal-title":"Korean J Radiol"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1653","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-019-06527-8","volume":"30","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16587","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-21204-5","volume":"12","author":"Lee","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.3348\/jksr.2022.0158","volume":"84","author":"Na","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Korean Soc Radiol"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7605","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-021-07936-4","volume":"31","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-022-09037-2","volume":"33","author":"Kim","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e241015","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.241015","volume":"315","author":"Lee","year":"2025","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2021.02.034","volume":"56","author":"Ahmad","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9328","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-023-09867-8","volume":"33","author":"Huang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1186\/s12880-025-01820-z","volume":"25","author":"Ma","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Med Imaging"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1476","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-024-05982-w","volume":"54","author":"Marzukie","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2019191326","volume":"294","author":"Richman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.22.28231","volume":"220","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1409841","volume":"371","author":"Ahn","year":"2014","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1089\/jayao.2019.0098","volume":"9","author":"Takano","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Adolesc Young Adult Oncol"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1159\/000503323","volume":"9","author":"Takano","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Thyroid J"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"772382","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2021.772382","volume":"15","author":"Uchida","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref57","unstructured":"Endotext [Internet]. South Dartmouth. MDText.com, Inc. 2000. accessed on September 11, 2025. Available at: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK279032"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-017-0753-4","volume":"41","author":"Williams","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2008.11.059","volume":"154","author":"Lazar","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1159\/000516830","volume":"10","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Thyroid J"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2021.0255","volume":"32","author":"Sugino","year":"2022","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"dgaa573","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa573","volume":"105","author":"Iwadate","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1771","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2019.0802","volume":"30","author":"Pekova","year":"2020","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers17091549","volume":"17","author":"Vanderniet","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2008.0354","volume":"20","author":"Choi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-024-03731-5","volume":"85","author":"de Carlos","year":"2024","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.11106\/ijt.2025.18.2.113","volume":"18","author":"Kwak","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Thyroidol"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.18.20740","volume":"213","author":"Reverter","year":"2019","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A6922","volume":"42","author":"Han","year":"2021","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17843","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-54434-1","volume":"9","author":"Park","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2672","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2019.05.032","volume":"45","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med Biol"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2495","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9082495","volume":"9","author":"Szczepanek-Parulska","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3291","DOI":"10.1002\/jum.15065","volume":"38","author":"Lu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Ultrasound Med"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.3348\/kjr.2019.0581","volume":"21","author":"Chung","year":"2020","journal-title":"Korean J Radiol"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref75","first-page":"652","volume":"35","author":"Ha","year":"2025","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1359875","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1359875","volume":"15","author":"Kim","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.29926","volume":"132","author":"Brady","year":"2022","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2006.0321","volume":"17","author":"Lee","year":"2007","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.3348\/kjr.2019.0973","volume":"21","author":"Chang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Korean J Radiol"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1651","DOI":"10.7863\/ultra.15.14.10041","volume":"34","author":"Yildiz","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Ultrasound Med"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1002\/jum.14360","volume":"37","author":"Frates","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Ultrasound Med"},{"key":"10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334_ref82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1159\/000322441","volume":"75","author":"Segni","year":"2011","journal-title":"Horm Res Paediatr"}],"container-title":["Korean Journal of Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/kjronline.org\/pdf\/10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/kjronline.org\/DOIx.php?id=10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/kjronline.org\/DOIx.php?id=10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T05:17:27Z","timestamp":1777007847000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/kjronline.org\/DOIx.php?id=10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":82,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3348\/kjr.2025.1334","relation":{},"ISSN":["1229-6929","2005-8330"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1229-6929","type":"print"},{"value":"2005-8330","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-09-11","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-12-19","name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-02-03","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-01","name":"published_online","label":"Published online","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2026 The Korean Society of Radiology","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"Copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","explanation":{"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"},"group":{"name":"Copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}]}}