{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T00:27:52Z","timestamp":1792801672700,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"The Korean Association for the Study of the Liver","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,25]],"date-time":"2024-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721865600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002632","name":"Hallym University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002632","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004085","name":"Ministry of Education, Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020R1I1A3073530"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020R1I1A3073530"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004085","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004085","name":"Ministry of Education, Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020R1A6A1A03043026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020R1A6A1A03043026"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004085","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003661","name":"Korea Institute for Advancement of Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P0020622"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P0020622"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003661","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["e-cmh.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Mol Hepatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Aims: Shifts in the gut microbiota and metabolites are interrelated with liver cirrhosis progression and complications. However, causal relationships have not been evaluated comprehensively. Here, we identified complication-dependent gut microbiota and metabolic signatures in patients with liver cirrhosis.Methods: Microbiome taxonomic profiling was performed on 194 stool samples (52 controls and 142 cirrhosis patients) via V3-V4 16S rRNA sequencing. Next, 51 samples (17 controls and 34 cirrhosis patients) were selected for fecal metabolite profiling via gas chromatography mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Correlation analyses were performed targeting the gut-microbiota, metabolites, clinical parameters, and presence of complications (varices, ascites, peritonitis, encephalopathy, hepatorenal syndrome, hepatocellular carcinoma, and deceased).Results: &lt;i&gt;Veillonella&lt;\/i&gt; bacteria, &lt;i&gt;Ruminococcus gnavus&lt;\/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;Streptococcus pneumoniae&lt;\/i&gt; are cirrhosis-related microbiotas compared with control group. &lt;i&gt;Bacteroides ovatus, Clostridium symbiosum, Emergencia timonensis, Fusobacterium varium&lt;\/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;Hungatella&lt;\/i&gt;_uc were associated with complications in the cirrhosis group. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROCs) for the diagnosis of cirrhosis, encephalopathy, hepatorenal syndrome, and deceased were 0.863, 0.733, 0.71, and 0.69, respectively. The AUROCs of mixed microbial species for the diagnosis of cirrhosis and complication were 0.808 and 0.847, respectively. According to the metabolic profile, 5 increased fecal metabolites in patients with cirrhosis were biomarkers (AUROC &gt;0.880) for the diagnosis of cirrhosis and complications. Clinical markers were significantly correlated with the gut microbiota and metabolites.Conclusions: Cirrhosis-dependent gut microbiota and metabolites present unique signatures that can be used as noninvasive biomarkers for the diagnosis of cirrhosis and its complications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3350\/cmh.2024.0349","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,25]],"date-time":"2024-07-25T02:29:05Z","timestamp":1721874545000},"page":"845-862","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3350\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Gut microbiome and metabolome signatures in liver cirrhosis-related complications"],"prefix":"10.3350","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Satya 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