{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T19:04:17Z","timestamp":1760123057582,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Inter-Research Science Center","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,27]],"date-time":"2021-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.int-res.com\/journals\/terms-of-use\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["int-res.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dis. Aquat. Org."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In this study,<jats:italic>Scaphanocephalus<\/jats:italic>parasite (Platyhelminthes: Heterophyidae) metacercariae were found in<jats:italic>Siganus argenteus<\/jats:italic>(forktail rabbitfish or streamlined spinefoot) in the Arabian Gulf of Jubail province, Saudi Arabia. The findings may constitute new host and locality records for this parasite. Based on the number of black spots containing parasite cysts per fish, our study indicated that<jats:italic>Siganus argenteus<\/jats:italic>had high infection intensities of encysted metacercariae belonging to the genus<jats:italic>Scaphanocephalus<\/jats:italic>. Of the 3500<jats:italic>S. argenteus<\/jats:italic>specimens examined, 800 (22.9%) showed multiple black cysts over the entire body surface, including the membranous parts of fins, while none were seen on the internal organs. The prevalence of infection was highest in summer (June-August) (8.8%). The excysted metacercariae differed morphologically from previously identified<jats:italic>Scaphanocephalus<\/jats:italic>spp. Molecular analysis of rDNA showed 100% identity with an unnamed<jats:italic>Scaphanocephalus<\/jats:italic>sp. reported in Caribbean fish. Therefore, our findings may indicate a new species of this previously rarely recorded fish parasite. The histopathological examination revealed that the encysted parasites were restricted to the dermal layer of the skin and surrounded by melanophores and a fibrous connective tissue capsule, with focal myositis and Zenker\u2019s necrosis in the underlying muscle tissue. The characteristically \u2018winged\u2019 parasite was clearly observed within the cysts. The high prevalence of<jats:italic>Scaphanocephalus<\/jats:italic>infection in siganid fish we detected requires further epidemiological study.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3354\/dao03586","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,2]],"date-time":"2021-03-02T12:06:24Z","timestamp":1614686784000},"page":"221-230","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3354\/policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Morphomolecular and pathological study of Scaphanocephalus sp. in new host Siganus argenteus in the Arabian Gulf"],"prefix":"10.3354","volume":"144","author":[{"given":"AA","family":"Mubark Al-Salem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, PO Box 1982, 31441 Dammam City, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Basic and Applied Scientific Research Center, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, PO Box 1982, 31441 Dammam City, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"HB","family":"Baghdadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, PO Box 1982, 31441 Dammam City, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Basic and Applied Scientific Research Center, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, PO Box 1982, 31441 Dammam City, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"MA","family":"Mahmoud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Agriculture, Fish Welfare Branch, El-Jubail Province, 35514 Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Animal Health Research Institute, Giza 12618, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"EM","family":"Bayoumy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Division, Hydrobiology Department, National Research Center, Giza, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1913","reference":[{"key":"Ref1","unstructured":"Al Kawari KS, Saoud MFA, Ramadan MM (1996) Biodiversity of helminth parasites of fishes in the Arabian Gulf, with special reference to digenetic trematodes and cestodes. 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