{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T12:26:53Z","timestamp":1774528013077,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Inter-Research Science Center","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774483200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.int-res.com\/for-librarians\/reader-subscriber-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["int-res.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dis. Aquat. Org."],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Entamoeba<\/jats:italic>\n                    protozoa are known to cause enteric and sometimes systemic disease in both domestic and non-domestic animals. In amphibians,\n                    <jats:italic>Entamoeba<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. are primarily documented as incidental gastrointestinal inhabitants, with rare reports of clinically significant entamoebiasis. In the last decade, mortality outbreaks caused by a recently described protozoan,\n                    <jats:italic>Entamoeba<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp. CT1, have been documented in free-ranging anurans in Australia and managed anurans in the USA associated with gastroenteritis and substantial morbidity and mortality. In 2023, a small population of Anderson\u2019s crocodile newts\n                    <jats:italic>Echinotriton andersoni<\/jats:italic>\n                    in managed care at a zoological institution experienced a disease outbreak resulting in the death or euthanasia of 4\/13 (31%) newts over an approximately 1 mo period. Clinical signs included dehydration, poor skin quality, and lethargy. Postmortem examination of 3 newts revealed marked, proliferative, and necrotizing inflammation of the intestinal tract, urinary bladder, and cloaca with intramucosal amoebic protozoa. The gonadal ducts (2\/3 newts) were also variably affected.\n                    <jats:italic>Entamoeba<\/jats:italic>\n                    PCR and Sanger sequencing of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded intestinal tissue from all examined newts amplified DNA with 100% sequence identity to the recently identified\n                    <jats:italic>Entamoeba<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp. CT1. However, unlike reports of\n                    <jats:italic>Entamoeba<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp. CT1 in anurans, lesions in the crocodile newts were not restricted to the gastrointestinal tract. This is the first report of\n                    <jats:italic>Entamoeba<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp. CT1 causing significant clinical disease in caudates, emphasizing its importance as an amphibian pathogen with the potential to cause disease in managed and free-ranging amphibian populations.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3354\/dao03908","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T07:38:31Z","timestamp":1768981111000},"page":"1-6","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3354\/policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Intestinal entamoebiasis in a captive colony of Anderson\u2019s crocodile newts Echinotriton andersoni"],"prefix":"10.3354","volume":"165","author":[{"given":"Varvara","family":"Semenova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicholas A.","family":"Buscaglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6951-6070","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Robert J","family":"Ossiboff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1913","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"Ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jeu.13031"},{"key":"Ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ilar.48.3.235"},{"key":"Ref3","unstructured":"Green DE (2001) Pathology of amphibia. In: Wright KM, Whitaker BR (eds) Amphibian medicine and captive husbandry. Krieger Publishing Co, Malabar, FL, p 401-485"},{"key":"Ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-020-06876-0"},{"key":"Ref5","unstructured":"Hernandez A, Escoriza D, Hou M (2017) Habitat selection of the endangered crocodile newts Echinotriton (Amphibia: Salamandridae): a preliminary assessment. Bull Soc Herp\u00e9tol Fr 163:21-34"},{"key":"Ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11646\/zootaxa.3895.1.5"},{"key":"Ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani3030680"},{"key":"Ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2305\/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T59446A63869090.en"},{"key":"Ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkn201"},{"key":"Ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-805306-5.00038-9"},{"key":"Ref11","unstructured":"Poynton SL, Whitaker BR (2001) Protozoa and metazoa infecting amphibians. In: Wright KM, Whitaker BR (eds) Amphibian medicine and captive husbandry. Krieger Publishing Co., Malabar, FL, p 193-221"},{"key":"Ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2008.01.013"},{"key":"Ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2020.06.009"},{"key":"Ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2408.180101"},{"key":"Ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985819868729"},{"key":"Ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)64472-0"},{"key":"Ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/dao03560"},{"key":"Ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-48253-0.00089-1"}],"container-title":["Diseases of Aquatic Organisms"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.int-res.com\/articles\/dao2026\/165\/dao03908.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.int-res.com\/articles\/dao2026\/165\/dao03908.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T11:42:58Z","timestamp":1774525378000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.int-res.com\/abstracts\/dao\/v165\/dao03908"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]]},"references-count":18,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3354\/dao03908","archive":["CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0177-5103","1616-1580"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0177-5103","type":"print"},{"value":"1616-1580","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]]}}}