{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T12:03:49Z","timestamp":1784203429037,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Inter-Research Science Center","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784160000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.int-res.com\/for-librarians\/reader-subscriber-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["int-res.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dis. Aquat. Org."],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Ulcerative granulomatous disease in farmed snubnose pompano\n                    <jats:italic>Trachinotus blochii<\/jats:italic>\n                    (Lacepede, 1801) in the Philippines was documented in 2019 by the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources and has since become an annual problem for fish farmers, with outbreaks occurring between September and October. Three apparently healthy adults and 5 diseased adults displaying ulcerated skin were subjected to diagnosis. During postmortem examination, multiple nodules were present in all kidneys and the spleen in the 5 diseased fish. Histopathology revealed severe granulomatous formations at different stages. Bacterial pathogens were isolated from diseased fish using modified Lowenstein-Jensen medium, producing wrinkled, cream-colored colonies. Staining revealed Gram-positive, acid-fast, branching, beaded, long rod filamentous bacteria. Identification at the species level and taxonomic positioning of the isolate was achieved through a specific\n                    <jats:italic>Nocardia seriolae<\/jats:italic>\n                    PCR and by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene using pure cultures and tissue sample DNA. PCR amplification of 13 virulence genes resulted in the detection of\n                    <jats:italic>mce<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>mce1A<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>gapA<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>fbpA<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>nirD<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>nirB<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>narI<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>narJ<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>narH<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>katG<\/jats:italic>\n                    , which are important in\n                    <jats:italic>N. seriolae<\/jats:italic>\n                    invasion, infection, and intracellular survival in macrophages. Two tetracycline resistance genes, namely\n                    <jats:italic>tetB<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>tetC<\/jats:italic>\n                    , were also found, which might contribute to oxytetracycline resistance, rendering the farm\u2019s prophylactic strategy of using oxytetracycline ineffective. To our knowledge, this is the first confirmed report of nocardiosis in farmed snubnose pompano in the Philippines.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3354\/dao03926","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T06:11:17Z","timestamp":1779775877000},"page":"1-12","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3354\/policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["First confirmed case of systemic granulomatosis caused by Nocardia seriolae in farmed snubnose pompano Trachinotus blochii in the Philippines"],"prefix":"10.3354","volume":"167","author":[{"given":"Francis Soria","family":"Legario","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milessa Huyo","family":"Arga\u00f1oza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angelie","family":"Gente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ma. Elaine Estenor","family":"De Leon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine Grace","family":"Caas-Ricio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2914-3684","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rajat","family":"Sood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Casiano H","family":"Choresca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1913","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"Ref1","unstructured":"Austin B, Austin DA (2007) Bacterial fish pathogens: diseases of farmed and wild fish. Springer, Dordrecht"},{"key":"Ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.276.5317.1420"},{"key":"Ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2008.12.032"},{"key":"Ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2761.2000.00201.x"},{"key":"Ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-8-60"},{"key":"Ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2761.2000.00217.x"},{"key":"Ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2761.2011.01269.x"},{"key":"Ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jfd.13373"},{"key":"Ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jfd.12015"},{"key":"Ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2024.110223"},{"key":"Ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/viru.27794"},{"key":"Ref12","unstructured":"Iddar A, Valverde F, Assobhei O, Serrano A, Soukri A (2005) Widespread occurrence of non-phosphorylating glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase among gram-positive bacteria. Int Microbiol 8:251-258"},{"key":"Ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12562-010-0302-y"},{"key":"Ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.2006.02872.x"},{"key":"Ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jfd.12881"},{"key":"Ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-8579(01)00317-X"},{"key":"Ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-38-2-173"},{"key":"Ref18","unstructured":"Labrie L, Ng J, Tan Z, Komar C, Ho E, Grisez L (2008) Nocardial infections in fish: an emerging problem in both freshwater and marine aquaculture systems in Asia. In: Bondad-Reantaso MG, Mohan CV, Crumlish M, Subasinghe RP (eds) Diseases in Asian aquaculture VI. Fish Health Section, Asian Fisheries Society, Manila, p 297-312"},{"key":"Ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/are.14932"},{"key":"Ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13344\/j.microbiol.china.201105&;c=E,1,ziuWKnmSOea1OFE_TzJOCuv0X0OBVGwng_MiVBtAJOYYJoM6Xc41IayPhKJGbCkLhns5bFRAUEdmdcZJ4p0Mz5fgVcxByq1UJwFiFW8iSFjkfBrC8st7RY8,&;typo=1"},{"key":"Ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2023.115690"},{"key":"Ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/anu.13358"},{"key":"Ref23","unstructured":"Mangiavacchi R, Pimenta M, Luciane C (2019) Detecci\u00f3n de micobacterias mediante examen de cultivo en peces de acuario. Rev Cient Fac Cienc Veterinarias 29:1486-1490"},{"key":"Ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3147\/jsfp.38.93"},{"key":"Ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0036-46652014000500005"},{"key":"Ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00271-06"},{"key":"Ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jfd.13947"},{"key":"Ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms8101517"},{"key":"Ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-032712-100022"},{"key":"Ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2022.109656"},{"key":"Ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.9.4955-4960.2002"},{"key":"Ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2021.111058"},{"key":"Ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3211"},{"key":"Ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.femsle.2005.02.034"},{"key":"Ref35","unstructured":"Somga JR, Somga SS, Rafanan JBC, Loja JAG and others (2021) Status of aquatic animal health in the Philippines. In: Aya FA, de la Pe\u00f1a LD, Salayo ND, Tendencia EA (eds) Proc Int Workshop on the Promotion of Sustainable Aquaculture, Aquatic Animal Health, and Resource Enhancement in Southeast Asia. Aquaculture Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Tigbauan, Iloilo, p 154-170"},{"key":"Ref36","unstructured":"Surtida MB (2000) The pompano. SEAFDEC Asian Aquaculture 22:27"},{"key":"Ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0404206101"},{"key":"Ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msab120"},{"key":"Ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1906"},{"key":"Ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/dao03023"},{"key":"Ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2761.2005.00637.x"},{"key":"Ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2761.2008.00991.x"},{"key":"Ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5897\/AJMR2014.6874"},{"key":"Ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mr.56.4.648-661.1992"},{"key":"Ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4014\/jmb.1406.06052"},{"key":"Ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2022.105815"},{"key":"Ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12941-025-00791-x"},{"key":"Ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0173198"},{"key":"Ref49","unstructured":"Yuan SP, Wang GL, Jin S (2006) Review of pathogenic nocardias in cultured fish. Wei Sheng Wu Xue Tong Bao 33:137-141"}],"container-title":["Diseases of Aquatic Organisms"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.int-res.com\/articles\/dao2026\/167\/dao03926.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.int-res.com\/articles\/dao2026\/167\/dao03926.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T11:11:33Z","timestamp":1784200293000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.int-res.com\/abstracts\/dao\/v167\/dao03926"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]]},"references-count":49,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3354\/dao03926","archive":["CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0177-5103","1616-1580"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0177-5103","type":"print"},{"value":"1616-1580","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]]}}}