{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T09:20:42Z","timestamp":1787822442266,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Inter-Research Science Center","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787788800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.int-res.com\/for-librarians\/reader-subscriber-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["int-res.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dis. Aquat. Org."],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]]},"abstract":"\n White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) causes catastrophic losses in shrimp aquaculture, yet no antiviral interventions are available once infection has begun. In this study, we evaluated the stage-dependent efficacy of RNA interference (RNAi) by administering long double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) targeting the WSSV ribonucleotide reductase 2 (\n rr2<\/jats:italic>\n ) gene at defined time points following viral challenge in\n Penaeus vannamei<\/jats:italic>\n . Delivery of dsRNA during the peri-infection period (0-12 h post-infection, hpi) resulted in near-complete protection, consistent with interference prior to extensive viral establishment. Importantly, administration during the early post-infection phase (24-48 hpi) significantly reduced mortality and viral loads, demonstrating that RNAi retains therapeutic relevance after viral replication has begun. In contrast, treatment during the late post-infection phase (72 hpi) provided only limited protection, indicating a sharp decline in efficacy once high viral burdens were established. Increasing dsRNA dosage enhanced viral suppression but did not proportionally improve survival, whereas higher viral challenge doses delayed\n rr2<\/jats:italic>\n transcript suppression and reduced therapeutic outcomes. Together, these results define a biologically constrained early post-infection therapeutic window for RNAi-based intervention against WSSV, determined by both infection stage and viral burden at the time of treatment. Although injection-based delivery limits immediate field application, this study provides a realistic framework for developing post-exposure RNAi strategies for disease management in shrimp aquaculture.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3354\/dao03933","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T09:24:22Z","timestamp":1781601862000},"page":"1-10","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3354\/policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Stage-dependent efficacy of long double-stranded RNA administered after white spot syndrome virus infection in shrimp"],"prefix":"10.3354","volume":"167","author":[{"given":"Soon Joo","family":"Hong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1140-8162","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ki Hong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1913","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"Ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2109.2011.03084.x"},{"key":"Ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jwas.12236"},{"key":"Ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2009.06.018"},{"key":"Ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiotec.2020.06.022"},{"key":"Ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/raq.12676"},{"key":"Ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/raq.12642"},{"key":"Ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biom14111358"},{"key":"Ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jip.2012.03.004"},{"key":"Ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jip.2022.107869"},{"key":"Ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/dao03805"},{"key":"Ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2006.10.012"},{"key":"Ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-7345.2005.tb00328.x"},{"key":"Ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/dao050199"},{"key":"Ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jip.2011.02.002"},{"key":"Ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-01181-w"},{"key":"Ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422X-10-186"},{"key":"Ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10126-007-9073-6"},{"key":"Ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2020.736231"},{"key":"Ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2007.07.228"},{"key":"Ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.21.13561-13571.2005"},{"key":"Ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/dao045081"},{"key":"Ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12896-015-0226-9"},{"key":"Ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2006.08.007"}],"container-title":["Diseases of Aquatic Organisms"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.int-res.com\/articles\/dao2026\/167\/dao03933.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.int-res.com\/articles\/dao2026\/167\/dao03933.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T08:45:28Z","timestamp":1787820328000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.int-res.com\/abstracts\/dao\/v167\/dao03933"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"references-count":23,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3354\/dao03933","archive":["CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0177-5103","1616-1580"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0177-5103","type":"print"},{"value":"1616-1580","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]}}}