{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T14:35:36Z","timestamp":1787668536999,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Belitung Raya Foundation","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,18]],"date-time":"2022-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"award":[""],"award-info":[{"award-number":[""]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["belitungraya.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Belitung Nurs J"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Water birth has been considered an efficient non-pharmacological modality with numerous maternal and neonatal benefits as well as rare complications. Perception and knowledge about water birth can affect women\u2019s decisions in the future. Few available studies addressed this area in Saudi Arabia. Thus, the current research fills this gap and contributes to further understanding this phenomenon.\nObjective: This study aimed to assess the perception and knowledge of Saudi women about water birth.\nMethods: A cross-sectional study was employed among 388 Saudi women conveniently enrolled for the study. An online questionnaire that included four sections: sociodemographic characteristics, obstetrical history, perception, and knowledge of water birth, was used for data collection. Descriptive statistics (frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations) and inferential statistics (Chi-Square, Fisher Exact, and t-tests) were used for data analysis.\nResults: The participants\u2019 mean age was 34.91 \u00b1 8.851, with 83.2% of them highly educated. The mean number of deliveries was 3.36 \u00b1 2.167, with 60% having no history of abortion. Less than half of the participants (40.2%) preferred to have a water delivery. Of the total participants, 96.4% had a fair knowledge level, and 3.6% had a good knowledge of water delivery. A significant relationship was found between age, educational course, and the knowledge of the participants about water delivery (p &lt;0.05).\nConclusion: Most Saudi women had a fair knowledge of water birth; however, they wanted more information on it. It is recommended that midwives and nurses broaden their understanding of water birth and enhance its practice in order to educate and inspire women to make informed decisions about all available childbirth delivery methods, including water birth.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.33546\/bnj.2185","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,21]],"date-time":"2022-10-21T13:06:19Z","timestamp":1666357579000},"page":"422-430","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.33546\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Perception and knowledge of Saudi women about water birth: A cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.33546","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3302-1532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saja","family":"Bashaikh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7334-3213","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fouzia","family":"Mahboub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8356-6995","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abeer","family":"Orabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"19163","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"55709","unstructured":"Akhlaghi, A., Kasiri, H., Nikzad, E., Chaichian, S., Fekrat, M., & Mehdizadeh, A. (2017). Comparison of waterbirth with conventional vaginal delivery: A non-randomized controlled trial from Iran. https:\/\/waterbirth.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Iran-waterbirth-trial.pdf"},{"key":"55710","unstructured":"Al Masoud, N. H. (2020). A quantitative study: Exploring staff nurse and midwife attitudes to and knowledge of waterbirth in Saudi Arabia. IOSR Journal of Nursing and Health Science, 10(5), 59-73."},{"key":"55711","unstructured":"Brooks, E. J. (2018). Water birth: Using water as a comfort measure in labor. International Journal of Childbirth Education, 33(1), 30-34."},{"key":"55712","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carlsson, T., & Ulfsdottir, H. (2020). Waterbirth in low\u2010risk pregnancy: An exploration of women\u2019s experiences. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 76(5), 1221-1231. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jan.14336","DOI":"10.1111\/jan.14336"},{"key":"55713","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cooper, M., & Warland, J. (2019). What are the benefits? Are they concerned? Women's experiences of water immersion for labor and birth. Midwifery, 79, 102541. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.midw.2019.102541","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2019.102541"},{"key":"55714","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Darsareh, F., Nourbakhsh, S., & Dabiri, F. (2018). Effect of water immersion on labor outcomes: A randomized clinical trial. Nursing and Midwifery Studies, 7(3), 111-115. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/2322-1488.235639","DOI":"10.4103\/nms.nms_18_17"},{"key":"55715","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"de Camargo, J. d. C. S., Urasaki, M. B. M., de Albuquerque, R. S., Serra, A. R. d. J. F., Mendon\u00e7a, M. E. B. M., N\u00e9n\u00e9, M., & Grande, C. (2022). Women's perceptions of the care received during water birth. Revista de Enfermagem, 6(1), 1-8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12707\/RV21099","DOI":"10.12707\/RV21099"},{"key":"55716","unstructured":"Dular, S., & Jyoti, S. (2019). Water birth: Safe or not? International Journal of Scientific Research, 8(9), 59-61."},{"key":"55717","unstructured":"Dykes, H. M. (2017). Overview of hydrotherapy during labor. International Journal of Childbirth Education, 32(4), 45-47."},{"key":"55718","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Estuardo, L.-I. J., Carlos, D.-M., Roberto, H.-R., de Jes\u00fas, \u00c1.-P. F., Jorge, S.-M., Antonio, Y.-G. M., Valeria, G.-C., M\u00f3nica, L.-E., Luis, B.-T. J., & Octavio, P.-R. S. (2021). Delivery in water, experience in a population of Mexican women in Mexico City. Journal of Gynecological Research and Obstetrics, 7(3), 55-60. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17352\/jgro.000106","DOI":"10.17352\/jgro.000106"},{"key":"55719","unstructured":"Kavosi, Z., Keshtkaran, A., Setoodehzadeh, F., Kasraeian, M., Khammarnia, M., & Eslahi, M. (2015). A comparison of mothers\u2019 quality of life after normal vaginal, cesarean, and water birth deliveries. International Journal of Community Based Nursing and Midwifery, 3(3), 198-204."},{"key":"55720","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lewis, L., Hauck, Y. L., Crichton, C., Barnes, C., Poletti, C., Overing, H., Keyes, L., & Thomson, B. (2018). The perceptions and experiences of women who achieved and did not achieve a waterbirth. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 18(1), 1-10. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12884-017-1637-5","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-017-1637-5"},{"key":"55721","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lim, K. M. X., Tong, P. S. Y., & Chong, Y.-S. (2016). A comparative study between the pioneer cohort of waterbirths and conventional vaginal deliveries in an obstetrician-led unit in Singapore. Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 55(3), 363-367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tjog.2016.04.012","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2016.04.012"},{"key":"55722","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lynn, M. R. (1986). 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Annales Academiae Medicae Silesiensis, 71, 383-392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18794\/aams\/68482","DOI":"10.18794\/aams\/68482"},{"key":"55732","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ulfsdottir, H., Saltvedt, S., & Georgsson, S. (2018). Waterbirth in Sweden\u2013a comparative study. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 97(3), 341-348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/aogs.13286","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.13286"},{"key":"55733","unstructured":"Walls, D. (2017). Water labor and water birth. https:\/\/icea.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/Water-Labor-Water-Birth-PP.pdf"},{"key":"55734","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, G., & Yang, Q. (2022). Comparative efficacy of water and conventional delivery during labour: A systematic review and meta-analysis. 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