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Later we analyze possible pathways of prenatal hypoxia-induced injury including gene expression changes, glutaminergic excitatory damage (and a role of NMDA receptors in it), oxidative stress with ROS and RNS production, inflammation and apoptosis. Moreover, we focus on the impact of these pathophysiological changes on the structure and development of the brain, especially on its regions: corpus striatum and hippocampus. These brain changes of the offspring lead to impairments in their postnatal growth and sensorimotor development, and in their motor functions, activity, emotionality and learning ability in adulthood. Later we compare various animal models used to investigate the impact of prenatal and postnatal injury (hypoxic, ischemic or combinatory) on living organisms, and show their advantages and limitations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.33549\/physiolres.934198","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,6]],"date-time":"2020-05-06T12:59:37Z","timestamp":1588769977000},"page":"199-213","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["Impact of perinatal hypoxia on the developing brain"],"prefix":"10.33549","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Pie\u0161ov\u00e1","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Mach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic. 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