{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T20:22:02Z","timestamp":1775938922319,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Physiol Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Neurostimulation methods are used in the treatment of chronic pain, although mainly for pharmacology resistant pain. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive neurostimulation method using low direct current (0.029-0.08 mA\/cm2) applied to a cathode and anode, which directly stimulates the cranial surface. The applied current causes the most significant changes directly under the electrodes: the cathode reduces the excitability of cortical neurons, whereas the anode increases excitability. The effect of stimulation usually lasts a few hours up to a few days. We observed 19 patients with chronic orofacial pain. Inclusion criteria for the study were the following: orofacial pain, stable analgesic medication for at least one week before the beginning of stimulation and during its course, and age 18-75 years old. Patients with severe organic brain damage or seizure disease (epilepsy) were not included. The most common diagnosis was secondary trigeminal neuralgia after dental surgery. We measured thermal and tactile stimulation on the face before and after tDCS, then at 14 days. The total follow-up period lasted six months. We evaluated pain on a numerical scale (0-10) at each follow-up. We used sets of inventories focused on the examination of pain (a short form of McGill inventory), depression, anxiety, and pain interference with daily activities. tDCS is a non-invasive stimulation technique that is affordable and can be easily administered, especially when compared to other neurostimulation techniques. Only 15 patients out of the total number of 19 responded to the questionnaires.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.33549\/physiolres.934361","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,29]],"date-time":"2020-01-29T09:12:17Z","timestamp":1580289137000},"page":"S367-S372","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The Treatment of Orofacial Pain by Using Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation"],"prefix":"10.33549","author":[{"given":"J.","family":"FRICOV\u00c1","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"ENGLEROV\u00c1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"NEDV\u00cdDEK","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"ROKYTA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"19169","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref0","unstructured":"FRICOV\u00c1 J, ENGLEROV\u00c1, ROKYTA R: Noninvasive transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for the treatment of orofacial pain. Neuroendocrinol Lett 37: 101-105, 2016."},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"FRICOV\u00c1 J, KL\u00cdROV\u00c1 M, MASOPUST V, NOV\u00c1K T, ROKYTA R: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of chronic orofacial pain. Physiol Res 62 (Suppl 1): S125-S134, 2013.","DOI":"10.33549\/physiolres.933474"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"JOHANNES CB, LE TK, ZHOU X, JOHNSTON JA, DWORKIN RH: The prevalence of chronic pain in United States adults: results of an Internet-based survey. J Pain 11: 1230-1239, 2010.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2010.07.002"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"KHEDR EM, KOTB H, KAMEL NF, AHMED MA, SADEK R, ROTHWELL JC: Longlasting antalgic effects of daily sessions of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in central and peripheral neuropathic pain. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 76: 833-838, 2005.","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2004.055806"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"KUO HI, BIKSON M, DATTA A, MINHAS P, PAULUS W, KUO MF: Comparing cortical plasticity induced by conventional and high-definition 4 \u00d7 1 ring tDCS: a neurophysiological study. Brain Stimul 6: 644-648, 2013.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2012.09.010"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"MACFARLANE TV, BEASLEY M, MACFARLANE GJ: Self-reported facial pain in UK biobank study: prevalence and associated factors. J Oral Maxillofac Res 5: e2, 2014.","DOI":"10.5037\/jomr.2014.5302"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"O\u2019CONNELL NE, WAND BM: Transcranial direct current brain stimulation for chronic pain. BMJ 350: h1774, 2015.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h1774"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ROKYTA R, FRICOV\u00c1 J: Neurostimulation methods in the treatment of chronic pain. Physiol Res 61 (Suppl 2): S23-S31, 2012.","DOI":"10.33549\/physiolres.932392"},{"key":"ref8","unstructured":"SIMPSON B: Selections of patients and assessment. In: Electrical Stimulation and the Relief of Pain. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2003, pp 161-182."},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ZAKRZEWSKA JM: Differential diagnosis of facial pain and guidelines for management. Br J Anaesth 111: 95-104, 2013.","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aet125"}],"container-title":["Physiological Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,24]],"date-time":"2021-02-24T18:06:50Z","timestamp":1614190010000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.biomed.cas.cz\/physiolres\/pdf\/2019\/68_S367.pdf"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,20]]},"references-count":10,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.33549\/physiolres.934361","relation":{},"ISSN":["1802-9973","0862-8408"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1802-9973","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0862-8408","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,20]]}}}