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Despite an extensive research effort regarding various treatment strategies, therapeutic hypothermia with intensive care unit supportive treatment remains the only approved method for neonates who have suffered from moderate to severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. However, these protocols are only partially effective given that many infants still suffer from severe brain damage. Thus, further research to systematically test promising neuroprotective treatments in combination with hypothermia is essential. In this review, we discussed the pathophysiology of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and delved into different promising treatment modalities, such as melatonin and erythropoietin. However, preclinical studies and clinical trials are still needed to further elucidate the mechanisms of action of these modalities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.33549\/physiolres.934595","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,27]],"date-time":"2021-01-27T12:47:05Z","timestamp":1611751625000},"page":"S379-S401","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Perinatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Damage: Review of the Current Treatment Possibilities"],"prefix":"10.33549","author":[{"given":"A","family":"FRAJEWICKI","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Z","family":"LA\u0160T\u016eVKA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V","family":"BORB\u00c9LYOV\u00c1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"KHAN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K","family":"JANDOV\u00c1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K","family":"JANI\u0160OV\u00c1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"OT\u00c1HAL","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"MYSLIVE\u010cEK","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V","family":"RILJAK","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"19169","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"ALLEN KA, BRANDON DH: Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy: pathophysiology and experimental treatments. 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