{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T00:58:43Z","timestamp":1784163523731,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Aerospace Medical Association","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["aerosp med hum perform"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>INTRODUCTION:<\/jats:bold> In commercial spaceflight, anxiety could become mission-impacting, causing negative experiences or endangering the flight itself. We studied layperson response to four varied-length training programs (ranging from 1 h\u20132 d of preparation) prior to centrifuge\n simulation of launch and re-entry acceleration profiles expected during suborbital spaceflight. We examined subject task execution, evaluating performance in high-stress conditions. We sought to identify any trends in demographics, hemodynamics, or similar factors in subjects with the highest\n anxiety or poorest tolerance of the experience.<jats:bold>METHODS:<\/jats:bold> Volunteers participated in one of four centrifuge training programs of varied complexity and duration, culminating in two simulated suborbital spaceflights. At most, subjects underwent seven centrifuge runs over 2 d, including\n two +G<jats:sub>z<\/jats:sub> runs (peak +3.5 G<jats:sub>z<\/jats:sub>, Run 2) and two +G<jats:sub>x<\/jats:sub> runs (peak +6.0 G<jats:sub>x<\/jats:sub>, Run 4) followed by three runs approximating suborbital spaceflight profiles (combined +G<jats:sub>x<\/jats:sub> and +G<jats:sub>z<\/jats:sub>, peak +6.0 G<jats:sub>x<\/jats:sub> and +4.0 G<jats:sub>z<\/jats:sub>). Two cohorts\n also received dedicated anxiety-mitigation training. Subjects were evaluated on their performance on various tasks, including a simulated emergency.<jats:bold>RESULTS:<\/jats:bold> Participating in 2\u20137 centrifuge exposures were 148 subjects (105 men, 43 women, age range 19-72 yr, mean 39.4 \u00b1\n 13.2 yr, body mass index range 17.3\u201338.1, mean 25.1 \u00b1 3.7). There were 10 subjects who withdrew or limited their G exposure; history of motion sickness was associated with opting out. Shorter length training programs were associated with elevated hemodynamic responses. Single-directional\n G training did not significantly improve tolerance.<jats:bold>DISCUSSION:<\/jats:bold> Training programs appear best when high fidelity and sequential exposures may improve tolerance of physical\/psychological flight stressors. The studied variables did not predict anxiety-related responses to these centrifuge\n profiles.Blue RS, Bonato F, Seaton K, Bubka A, Vardiman JL, Mathers C, Castleberry TL, Vanderploeg JM. <jats:italic>The effects of training on anxiety and task performance in simulated suborbital spaceflight<\/jats:italic>. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2017; 88(7):641\u2013650.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3357\/amhp.4807.2017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,23]],"date-time":"2017-06-23T03:14:48Z","timestamp":1498187688000},"page":"641-650","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["The Effects of Training on Anxiety and Task Performance in Simulated Suborbital Spaceflight"],"prefix":"10.3357","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Rebecca S.","family":"Blue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederick","family":"Bonato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimberly","family":"Seaton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Bubka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johnen\u00e9 L.","family":"Vardiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Mathers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tarah L.","family":"Castleberry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James M.","family":"Vanderploeg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1911","container-title":["Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/asma.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/amhp\/88\/7\/article-p641.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/asma.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/amhp\/88\/7\/article-p641.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/asma.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/amhp\/88\/7\/article-p641.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,7]],"date-time":"2024-10-07T12:35:58Z","timestamp":1728304558000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/asma.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/amhp\/88\/7\/article-p641.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3357\/amhp.4807.2017","relation":{},"ISSN":["2375-6314","2375-6322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2375-6314","type":"print"},{"value":"2375-6322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,1]]}}}