{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T01:49:30Z","timestamp":1767836970684,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Aerospace Medical Association","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["aerosp med hum perform"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>INTRODUCTION:<\/jats:bold> Effects of breathing gas with elevated oxygen partial pressure (Po<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) and\/or elevated inspired oxygen fraction (F<jats:sub>I<\/jats:sub>o<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) at sea level or higher is discussed. High F<jats:sub>I<\/jats:sub>o<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> is associated with absorption problems in the\n lungs, middle ear, and paranasal sinuses, particularly if F<jats:sub>I<\/jats:sub>o<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> &gt; 80% and small airways, Eustachian tubes, or sinus passages are blocked. Absorption becomes faster as cabin altitude increases. Pulmonary oxygen toxicity and direct oxidative injuries, related to elevated\n Po<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, are improbable in flight; no pulmonary oxygen toxicity has been found when Po<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> &lt; 55 kPa [418 Torr; 100% O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> higher than 15,000 ft (4570 m)]. Symptoms with Po<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> of 75 kPa [520 Torr; 100% O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> at 10,000 ft (3050 m)] were reported after\n 24 h and the earliest signs at Po<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> of 100 kPa (760 Torr, 100% O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> at sea level) occurred after 6 h. However, treatment for decompression sickness entails a risk of pulmonary oxygen toxicity. Elevated Po<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> also constricts blood vessels, changes blood pressure\n control, and reduces the response to low blood sugar. With healthy lungs, gas transport and oxygen delivery are not improved by increasing Po<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>. Near zero humidity of the breathing gas in which oxygen is delivered may predispose susceptible individuals to bronchoconstriction.<jats:bold>Shykoff\n BE, Lee RL. <jats:italic>Risks from breathing elevated oxygen<\/jats:italic>. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2019; 90(12):1041\u20131049.<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3357\/amhp.5393.2019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,21]],"date-time":"2019-11-21T04:47:37Z","timestamp":1574311657000},"page":"1041-1049","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Risks from Breathing Elevated Oxygen"],"prefix":"10.3357","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"Barbara E.","family":"Shykoff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rees L.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1911","container-title":["Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/asma.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/amhp\/90\/12\/article-p1041.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/asma.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/amhp\/90\/12\/article-p1041.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/asma.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/amhp\/90\/12\/article-p1041.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:02:04Z","timestamp":1740787324000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/asma.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/amhp\/90\/12\/article-p1041.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3357\/amhp.5393.2019","relation":{},"ISSN":["2375-6314","2375-6322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2375-6314","type":"print"},{"value":"2375-6322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,1]]}}}