{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,8]],"date-time":"2024-10-08T04:15:59Z","timestamp":1728360959247},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Aerospace Medical Association","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["aerosp med hum perform"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>INTRODUCTION:<\/jats:bold> Heel-lift is a subjectively reported fit issue in planetary spacesuit boot prototypes that has not yet been quantified. Inertial measurement units (IMUs) could quantify heel-lift but are susceptible to integration drift. This work evaluates the use of IMUs and drift-correction\n algorithms, such as zero-velocity (ZVUs) and zero-position updates (ZPUs), to quantify heel-lift during spacesuited gait.<jats:bold>METHODS:<\/jats:bold> Data was originally collected by Fineman et al. in 2018 to assess lower body relative coordination in the spacesuit. IMUs were mounted on the spacesuit\n lower legs (SLLs) and spacesuit operator\u2019s shank as three operators walked on a level walkway in three spacesuit padding conditions. Discrete wavelet transforms were used to identify foot-flat phase and heel-off for each step. Differences in heel-off timepoints were calculated in each\n step as a potential indicator of heel-lift, with spacesuit-delayed heel-off suggesting heel-lift. Average drift rates were estimated prior to and after applying ZVUs and ZPUs.<jats:bold>RESULTS:<\/jats:bold> Heel-off timepoint differences showed instances of spacesuit-delayed heel-off and instances of\n operator-delayed heel-off. Drift rates after applying ZVUs and ZPUs suggested an upper time bound of 0.03 s past heel-off to measure heel-lift magnitude with an accuracy of 1 cm.<jats:bold>DISCUSSION:<\/jats:bold> Results suggest that IMUs may not be appropriate for quantifying the presence and magnitude\n of heel lift. Operator-delayed heel-off suggests that the SLL may be expanding prior to heel-off, creating a false vertical acceleration signal interpreted by this study to be spacesuit heel-off. Quantifying heel-off will therefore require improvements in IMU mounting to mitigate the effects\n of SLL, or alternative sensor technologies.<jats:bold>Boppana A, Priddy ST, Stirling L, Anderson AP. <jats:italic>Challenges in quantifying heel-lift during spacesuit gait<\/jats:italic>. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2022; 93(8):643\u2013648.<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3357\/amhp.5961.2022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,2]],"date-time":"2022-09-02T04:31:25Z","timestamp":1662093085000},"page":"643-648","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Challenges in Quantifying Heel-Lift During Spacesuit Gait"],"prefix":"10.3357","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"Abhishektha","family":"Boppana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven T.","family":"Priddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leia","family":"Stirling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Allison P.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1911","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9290(85)90043-0","article-title":"The frequency content of gait","volume":"18","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Biomech."},{"year":"2014","key":"B2"},{"issue":"12","key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0227075","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0227075","article-title":"Walking-speed estimation using a single inertial measurement unit for the older adults","volume":"14","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"year":"2017","key":"B4"},{"issue":"1","key":"B5","first-page":"35","article-title":"Pedestrian tracking using inertial sensors","volume":"3","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Physical Agents."},{"issue":"11","key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.3357\/AMHP.5123.2018","article-title":"Objective metrics quantifying fit and performance in spacesuit assemblies","volume":"89","year":"2018","journal-title":"Aerosp Med Hum Perform."},{"issue":"2","key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1109\/MPRV.2012.16","article-title":"Tutorial: Implementing a pedestrian tracker using inertial sensors","volume":"12","year":"2013","journal-title":"IEEE Pervasive Comput."},{"volume-title":"The origins and technology of the advanced extravehicular space suit.","year":"2001","key":"B8"},{"issue":"16","key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3462","DOI":"10.3390\/s19163462","article-title":"Appropriate mother wavelets for continuous gait event detection based on time-frequency analysis for hemiplegic and healthy individuals","volume":"19","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sensors (Switzerland)."},{"issue":"2","key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2012.07.012","article-title":"Quantitative estimation of foot-flat and stance phase of gait using foot-worn inertial sensors","volume":"37","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gait Posture."},{"issue":"4","key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2013.05.012","article-title":"Measurement of foot placement and its variability with inertial sensors","volume":"38","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gait Posture."},{"issue":"3","key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1177\/0018720819896898","article-title":"Static, dynamic, and cognitive fit of exosystems for the human operator","volume":"62","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hum Factors."},{"issue":"4","key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1177\/0018720820965302","article-title":"Evaluating lumbar shape deformation with fabric strain sensors","volume":"64","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hum Factors."}],"container-title":["Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/asma.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/amhp\/93\/8\/article-p643.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/asma.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/amhp\/93\/8\/article-p643.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/asma.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/amhp\/93\/8\/article-p643.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,7]],"date-time":"2024-10-07T12:35:36Z","timestamp":1728304536000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/asma.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/amhp\/93\/8\/article-p643.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3357\/amhp.5961.2022","relation":{},"ISSN":["2375-6314","2375-6322"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2375-6314"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2375-6322"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]]}}}