{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T02:38:00Z","timestamp":1777343880075,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Aerospace Medical Association","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>INTRODUCTION:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Aircraft crashes are infrequent but often associated with high mortality, morbidity, and only a limited number of survivors. These events are classified as high-energy traumas as aircraft typically maintain significant vertical and horizontal speeds at impact. The forces generated can produce a wide range of injuries, from soft tissue damage to fractures, with particular concern for neurological injury. Due to the low number of survivors, few studies in the literature specifically address spinal injury patterns.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>METHODS:<\/jats:bold>\n                    We retrospectively evaluated thoracolumbar spinal injuries sustained in the aircraft accident that occurred in Istanbul on February 5, 2020. A total of 22 patients with thoracolumbar fractures were transferred to 4 different healthcare centers. Data were analyzed for age, sex, fracture level and morphology, neurological status, treatment methods, and radiological imaging findings.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>RESULTS:<\/jats:bold>\n                    There were 47 spinal injuries identified in 22 patients. Multiple-level fractures were observed in 12 patients. Four had neurological deficits (all American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale-D). According to the Thoracolumbar Injury Classification and Severity Score system, seven injuries in six patients were unstable and required surgery. Posterior decompression and stabilization were performed in six patients and vertebroplasty in one. Of the remaining patients, 10 were treated with a brace, and 5 were managed conservatively with pain palliation and supportive care.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>DISCUSSION:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Understanding and analyzing the data from this accident is essential for improving passenger and crew safety and may contribute to preventing morbidity and mortality in future aircraft crashes with changes and adjustments to seat and seatbelt design.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      Harman F, Guvenc Y, Kivrak C, Cekic E, Dalbayrak S, Aydogmus E, Korkmaz E, Sarioglu E.\n                      <jats:italic>Management of thoracolumbar spinal fracture caused by an aircraft accident<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2026; 97(5):333\u2013336.\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3357\/amhp.6473.2026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T01:59:02Z","timestamp":1777341542000},"page":"333-336","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Management of Thoracolumbar Spinal Fracture Caused by an Aircraft Accident"],"prefix":"10.3357","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Ferhat","family":"Harman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yahya","family":"Guvenc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Can","family":"Kivrak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Efecan","family":"Cekic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sedat","family":"Dalbayrak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Evren","family":"Aydogmus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emre","family":"Korkmaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ender","family":"Sarioglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1911","reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"B1","series-title":"Air Med J.","first-page":"265","article-title":"Analysis of 2004 German general aviation aircraft accidents according to the HFACS model","volume":"25","author":"Dambier M","year":"2006","unstructured":"Dambier M, Hinkelbein J. Analysis of 2004 German general aviation aircraft accidents according to the HFACS model. Air Med J. 2006 Nov\u2013Dec; 25(6):265\u20139."},{"key":"B2","article-title":"ASN accident description: Pegasus Airlines Flight PC2193, Boeing 737-86J, Istanbul Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en Airport","year":"2020","unstructured":"Aviation Safety Network. ASN accident description: Pegasus Airlines Flight PC2193, Boeing 737-86J, Istanbul Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en Airport, 5 February 2020. Published 2020. [Accessed 5 March 2026]. Available from https:\/\/aviation-safety.net\/wikibase\/319242."},{"issue":"5","key":"B3","series-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res.","first-page":"1499","article-title":"Classifications in brief: American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale","volume":"475","author":"Roberts TT","year":"2017","unstructured":"Roberts TT, Leonard GR, Cepela DJ. Classifications in brief: American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2017; 475(5):1499\u2013504."},{"issue":"23","key":"B4","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976).","first-page":"2028","article-title":"AOSpine thoracolumbar spine injury classification system: fracture description, neurological status, and key modifiers","volume":"38","author":"Vaccaro AR","year":"2013","unstructured":"Vaccaro AR, Oner C, Kepler CK, Dvorak M, Schnake K,  AOSpine thoracolumbar spine injury classification system: fracture description, neurological status, and key modifiers. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2013 Nov 1; 38(23):2028\u201337."},{"issue":"3","key":"B5","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine.","first-page":"201","article-title":"Thoracolumbar spine trauma classification: the Thoracolumbar Injury Classification and Severity Score system and case examples","volume":"10","author":"Patel AA","year":"2009","unstructured":"Patel AA, Dailey A, Brodke DS, Daubs M, Harrop J,  Thoracolumbar spine trauma classification: the Thoracolumbar Injury Classification and Severity Score system and case examples. J Neurosurg Spine. 2009 Mar; 10(3):201\u20136."},{"issue":"2","key":"B6","series-title":"Injury.","first-page":"166","article-title":"Epidemiology of traumatic spine fractures","volume":"40","author":"Leucht P","year":"2009","unstructured":"Leucht P, Fischer K, Muhr G, Mueller EJ. Epidemiology of traumatic spine fractures. Injury. 2009 Feb; 40(2):166\u201372."},{"issue":"15","key":"B7","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976).","first-page":"1310","article-title":"Spinal trauma in mainland China from 2001 to 2007: an epidemiological study based on a nationwide database","volume":"37","author":"Liu P","year":"2012","unstructured":"Liu P, Yao Y, Liu M-y, Fan W-l, Chao R,  Spinal trauma in mainland China from 2001 to 2007: an epidemiological study based on a nationwide database. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2012 Jul 1; 37(15):1310\u20135."},{"issue":"8","key":"B8","series-title":"Injury.","first-page":"1296","article-title":"The changing epidemiology of spinal trauma: a 13-year review from a Level I trauma centre","volume":"43","author":"Oliver M","year":"2012","unstructured":"Oliver M, Inaba K, Tang A, Branco BC, Barmparas G,  The changing epidemiology of spinal trauma: a 13-year review from a Level I trauma centre. Injury. 2012 Aug; 43(8):1296\u2013300."},{"issue":"3","key":"B9","series-title":"J Trauma Stress.","first-page":"381","article-title":"Transportation disasters\u2014a review","volume":"8","author":"Lundin T.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Lundin T. Transportation disasters\u2014a review. J Trauma Stress. 1995 Jul; 8(3):381\u20139."},{"issue":"5","key":"B10","series-title":"J Trauma.","first-page":"826","article-title":"A critical analysis of the fatal injuries resulting from the Continental Flight 1713 airline disaster: evidence in favor of improved passenger restraint systems","volume":"37","author":"Lillehei KO","year":"1994","unstructured":"Lillehei KO, Robinson MN. A critical analysis of the fatal injuries resulting from the Continental Flight 1713 airline disaster: evidence in favor of improved passenger restraint systems. J Trauma. 1994 Nov; 37(5):826\u201330."},{"issue":"3","key":"B11","series-title":"Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol.","first-page":"257","article-title":"Analysis of orthopedic injuries in an airplane landing disaster and a suggested mechanism of trauma","volume":"23","author":"Mirzatolooei F","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mirzatolooei F, Bazzazi A. Analysis of orthopedic injuries in an airplane landing disaster and a suggested mechanism of trauma. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol. 2013 Apr; 23(3):257\u201362."},{"issue":"1","key":"B12","series-title":"Injury.","first-page":"13","article-title":"Pattern of injuries in survivors of a helicopter crash","volume":"18","author":"Scullion J","year":"1987","unstructured":"Scullion J, Heys S, Page G. Pattern of injuries in survivors of a helicopter crash. Injury. 1987 Jan; 18(1):13\u20134."},{"issue":"8","key":"B13","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976).","first-page":"530","article-title":"Spinal injuries in an airplane crash: a description of incidence, morphology, and injury mechanism","volume":"40","author":"Postma IL","year":"2015","unstructured":"Postma IL, Oner FC, Bijlsma TS, Heetveld MJ, Goslings JC, Bloemers FW. Spinal injuries in an airplane crash: a description of incidence, morphology, and injury mechanism. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2015 Apr 15; 40(8):530\u20136."},{"key":"B14","series-title":"World Neurosurg.","first-page":"188","article-title":"Airplane landing accident: How safe is use of passenger lap seat belts in aircrafts?","volume":"142","author":"Harman F","year":"2020","unstructured":"Harman F, Guvenc Y, Coskun M, Baran O. Airplane landing accident: How safe is use of passenger lap seat belts in aircrafts? World Neurosurg. 2020 Oct; 142:188\u201390."},{"issue":"3","key":"B15","series-title":"Eur Radiol.","first-page":"785","article-title":"Radiological work-up after mass casualty incidents: are ATLS guidelines applicable?","volume":"24","author":"Postma ILE","year":"2014","unstructured":"Postma ILE, Beenen LFM, Bijlsma TS, Berger FH, Heetveld MJ,  Radiological work-up after mass casualty incidents: are ATLS guidelines applicable? Eur Radiol. 2014 Mar; 24(3):785\u201391."},{"issue":"6","key":"B1","series-title":"Air Med J.","first-page":"265","article-title":"Analysis of 2004 German general aviation aircraft accidents according to the HFACS model","volume":"25","author":"Dambier M","year":"2006","unstructured":"Dambier M, Hinkelbein J. Analysis of 2004 German general aviation aircraft accidents according to the HFACS model. Air Med J. 2006 Nov\u2013Dec; 25(6):265\u20139."},{"key":"B2","article-title":"ASN accident description: Pegasus Airlines Flight PC2193, Boeing 737-86J, Istanbul Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en Airport","year":"2020","unstructured":"Aviation Safety Network. ASN accident description: Pegasus Airlines Flight PC2193, Boeing 737-86J, Istanbul Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en Airport, 5 February 2020. Published 2020. [Accessed 5 March 2026]. Available from https:\/\/aviation-safety.net\/wikibase\/319242."},{"issue":"5","key":"B3","series-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res.","first-page":"1499","article-title":"Classifications in brief: American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale","volume":"475","author":"Roberts TT","year":"2017","unstructured":"Roberts TT, Leonard GR, Cepela DJ. Classifications in brief: American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2017; 475(5):1499\u2013504."},{"issue":"23","key":"B4","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976).","first-page":"2028","article-title":"AOSpine thoracolumbar spine injury classification system: fracture description, neurological status, and key modifiers","volume":"38","author":"Vaccaro AR","year":"2013","unstructured":"Vaccaro AR, Oner C, Kepler CK, Dvorak M, Schnake K,  AOSpine thoracolumbar spine injury classification system: fracture description, neurological status, and key modifiers. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2013 Nov 1; 38(23):2028\u201337."},{"issue":"3","key":"B5","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine.","first-page":"201","article-title":"Thoracolumbar spine trauma classification: the Thoracolumbar Injury Classification and Severity Score system and case examples","volume":"10","author":"Patel AA","year":"2009","unstructured":"Patel AA, Dailey A, Brodke DS, Daubs M, Harrop J,  Thoracolumbar spine trauma classification: the Thoracolumbar Injury Classification and Severity Score system and case examples. J Neurosurg Spine. 2009 Mar; 10(3):201\u20136."},{"issue":"2","key":"B6","series-title":"Injury.","first-page":"166","article-title":"Epidemiology of traumatic spine fractures","volume":"40","author":"Leucht P","year":"2009","unstructured":"Leucht P, Fischer K, Muhr G, Mueller EJ. Epidemiology of traumatic spine fractures. Injury. 2009 Feb; 40(2):166\u201372."},{"issue":"15","key":"B7","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976).","first-page":"1310","article-title":"Spinal trauma in mainland China from 2001 to 2007: an epidemiological study based on a nationwide database","volume":"37","author":"Liu P","year":"2012","unstructured":"Liu P, Yao Y, Liu M-y, Fan W-l, Chao R,  Spinal trauma in mainland China from 2001 to 2007: an epidemiological study based on a nationwide database. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2012 Jul 1; 37(15):1310\u20135."},{"issue":"8","key":"B8","series-title":"Injury.","first-page":"1296","article-title":"The changing epidemiology of spinal trauma: a 13-year review from a Level I trauma centre","volume":"43","author":"Oliver M","year":"2012","unstructured":"Oliver M, Inaba K, Tang A, Branco BC, Barmparas G,  The changing epidemiology of spinal trauma: a 13-year review from a Level I trauma centre. Injury. 2012 Aug; 43(8):1296\u2013300."},{"issue":"3","key":"B9","series-title":"J Trauma Stress.","first-page":"381","article-title":"Transportation disasters\u2014a review","volume":"8","author":"Lundin T.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Lundin T. Transportation disasters\u2014a review. J Trauma Stress. 1995 Jul; 8(3):381\u20139."},{"issue":"5","key":"B10","series-title":"J Trauma.","first-page":"826","article-title":"A critical analysis of the fatal injuries resulting from the Continental Flight 1713 airline disaster: evidence in favor of improved passenger restraint systems","volume":"37","author":"Lillehei KO","year":"1994","unstructured":"Lillehei KO, Robinson MN. A critical analysis of the fatal injuries resulting from the Continental Flight 1713 airline disaster: evidence in favor of improved passenger restraint systems. J Trauma. 1994 Nov; 37(5):826\u201330."},{"issue":"3","key":"B11","series-title":"Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol.","first-page":"257","article-title":"Analysis of orthopedic injuries in an airplane landing disaster and a suggested mechanism of trauma","volume":"23","author":"Mirzatolooei F","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mirzatolooei F, Bazzazi A. Analysis of orthopedic injuries in an airplane landing disaster and a suggested mechanism of trauma. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol. 2013 Apr; 23(3):257\u201362."},{"issue":"1","key":"B12","series-title":"Injury.","first-page":"13","article-title":"Pattern of injuries in survivors of a helicopter crash","volume":"18","author":"Scullion J","year":"1987","unstructured":"Scullion J, Heys S, Page G. Pattern of injuries in survivors of a helicopter crash. Injury. 1987 Jan; 18(1):13\u20134."},{"issue":"8","key":"B13","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976).","first-page":"530","article-title":"Spinal injuries in an airplane crash: a description of incidence, morphology, and injury mechanism","volume":"40","author":"Postma IL","year":"2015","unstructured":"Postma IL, Oner FC, Bijlsma TS, Heetveld MJ, Goslings JC, Bloemers FW. Spinal injuries in an airplane crash: a description of incidence, morphology, and injury mechanism. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2015 Apr 15; 40(8):530\u20136."},{"key":"B14","series-title":"World Neurosurg.","first-page":"188","article-title":"Airplane landing accident: How safe is use of passenger lap seat belts in aircrafts?","volume":"142","author":"Harman F","year":"2020","unstructured":"Harman F, Guvenc Y, Coskun M, Baran O. Airplane landing accident: How safe is use of passenger lap seat belts in aircrafts? World Neurosurg. 2020 Oct; 142:188\u201390."},{"issue":"3","key":"B15","series-title":"Eur Radiol.","first-page":"785","article-title":"Radiological work-up after mass casualty incidents: are ATLS guidelines applicable?","volume":"24","author":"Postma ILE","year":"2014","unstructured":"Postma ILE, Beenen LFM, Bijlsma TS, Berger FH, Heetveld MJ,  Radiological work-up after mass casualty incidents: are ATLS guidelines applicable? Eur Radiol. 2014 Mar; 24(3):785\u201391."}],"container-title":["Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/asma.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/amhp\/97\/5\/article-p333.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/asma.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/amhp\/97\/5\/article-p333.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/asma.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/amhp\/97\/5\/article-p333.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T01:59:03Z","timestamp":1777341543000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/asma.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/amhp\/97\/5\/article-p333.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3357\/amhp.6473.2026","relation":{},"ISSN":["2375-6314","2375-6322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2375-6314","type":"print"},{"value":"2375-6322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}}}